Fulawar hydroxide ta Ultrafine aluminum tana da ayyuka da yawa kamar hana harshen wuta, kawar da hayaki da cikawa, kuma tana iya samar da tasirin hana harshen wuta tare da phosphorus da sauran abubuwa. Yana da mahimmanci wajen kare muhalli daga harshen wuta a fannin lantarki, sinadarai, kebul, filastik, roba da sauran masana'antu.
Aluminum hydroxide wani nau'in cikawa ne na inorganic harshen wuta, domin a sami ingantaccen tasirin harshen wuta, adadin cikawa yana buƙatar ya zama fiye da kashi 40% (jimillar adadin), wasu ma har zuwa kashi 60%, amma babban adadin cikawa ba wai kawai yana shafar halayen injiniya na samfuran ba, har ma yana sa aikin fitarwa da sarrafawa ya yi muni.
Saboda haka, domin yin foda mai kyau na aluminum hydroxide za a iya amfani da shi sosai a cikin kayan hana harshen wuta kamar polyolefin, dole ne a gyara saman aluminum hydroxide foda, don inganta halayen jiki da sinadarai na saman, haɓaka foda da substrate na aluminum hydroxide mai kyau, dacewar polymer ko resin da watsewa a cikin substrate na halitta, don inganta ƙarfin injina na kayan da cikakken aiki.
1. Mai gyaran saman da aka saba amfani da shi don ultrafine aluminum hydroxide
(1) wakilin haɗin silane
Akwai nau'ikan sinadarai masu haɗa silane sama da ɗari, daga cikinsu akwai sinadaran haɗin silane na rukuni ɗaya mai aiki shine mafi karko. Kwanciyar wakilin haɗin silane na rukuni mai aiki yana tsakanin ƙarfe da ƙarfe. Baya ga haɓaka halayen injiniya na samfuran, wakilin haɗin silane na rukuni mai aiki kuma yana iya inganta halayen lantarki da juriyar danshi na samfuran.
(2) wakilin haɗin zirconium
Wakilin haɗin zirconium na aji wanda ke ɗauke da zirconium aluminate ƙarancin nauyin ƙwayoyin halitta na polymer mara tsari a cikin babban sarkar ƙwayoyin halitta akan haɗakar nau'ikan ƙananan ligand na halitta guda biyu, dentate tare da wakilin haɗin gwiwa mai kyau kwanciyar hankali na hydroxyl, wani wakilin haɗin gwiwa mai kyau halayen kwayoyin halitta, foda aluminum hydroxide superfine aluminum hydroxide yana da kyawawan tasirin da aka gyara.
(3) manyan fatty acids da gishirinsu
A cikin tsarin kwayoyin halitta na manyan fatty acids da gishirinsu, gefe ɗaya shine rukunin alkyl mai dogon sarka, ɗayan kuma shine rukunin carboxyl da gishirin ƙarfe wanda zai iya amsawa tare da ƙungiyoyin aikin saman aluminum hydroxide. Yin maganin foda hydroxide na ultrafine tare da babban fatty acid da gishirinsa na iya inganta alaƙar da ke tsakanin foda hydroxide na ultrafine da ƙwayar polymer, da kuma inganta halayen injiniya da sarrafawa na samfurin.
(4) acid ɗin da ba a cika ba
Sinadaran da ba su da cikakken sinadarin acid sune: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, cinnamic acid, da sauransu. Gabaɗaya, ƙarfin acid ɗin, yana da sauƙin samar da haɗin ionic, don haka zaɓi ƙarin: acrylic acid da methacrylic acid.
Ana iya amfani da nau'ikan acid na halitta iri-iri su kaɗai, ana iya amfani da su a hade, maganin ions na ƙarfe na alkali waɗanda ke ɗauke da foda na ultrafine aluminum hydroxide, tasirin ya fi kyau.
(5) organosilicon
Macromolecule organosilicon, wanda kuma aka sani da man silicon, wani nau'in polymer ne wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar kwayoyin halitta akan atom ɗin silicon ta hanyar sarkar haɗin oxygen na silicon (si-o-si) a matsayin kwarangwal. Ana amfani da polymethylsiloxane mai ɗauke da hydrogen, polydimethylsiloxane mai ƙarewa daga hydroxyl, da sauransu.
2. Tsarin gyaran saman aluminum hydroxide mai matuƙar kyau
A halin yanzu, hanyoyin gyaran saman foda na ultrafine aluminum hydroxide galibi busassu ne kuma danshi.
(1) gyaran busasshiyar
A cikin wannan tsari, ana sanya foda hydroxide na ultrafine da aka gyara a cikin wani zafin jiki, kuma ana diga mai gyara a hankali a cikin foda hydroxide na aluminum mai saurin gudu, kuma ana dakatar da samfurin don marufi bayan amsawar wani lokaci.
Amfanin gyaran busasshiyar hanya shine ƙarancin buƙata akan kayan aiki da sauƙin aiki. Rashin kyawunta shine ƙarfin aiki na ma'aikata yana da girma, ƙimar shafa foda na aluminum hydroxide yana da ƙasa.
(2) gyaran danshi
Gyaran danshi yana cikin tsarin samar da foda hydroxide na ultrafine aluminum, hada sinadarin aluminum hydroxide slurry bayan tacewa, wankewa, tace kek, a cikin wani zafin jiki na bugun slurry bayan ƙara mai gyarawa, juyawa na tsawon lokaci, tacewa, busarwa da kuma bugun marufi.
Fa'idodin gyaran danshi sune ƙarancin ƙarfin aiki, babu gurɓataccen ƙura, ingantaccen samarwa mai yawa, ƙimar murfin foda na aluminum hydroxide mai yawa, 20-30%, tasirin gyaran yana da girma kuma yana da karko. Idan aka kwatanta da gyaran danshi, gyaran danshi yana da tsari mai tsawo da buƙatu mafi girma akan kayan aiki. Saboda fa'idodin gyaran danshi, yana maye gurbin hanyar samar da gyaran danshi a hankali.
3. Hanyar kimantawa ta tasirin gyaran saman aluminum hydroxide na ultrafine
(1) gwajin yawan shan mai
Ana amfani da yawan shan mai ne musamman don auna adadin man castor da ake buƙata lokacin da wani adadin foda na Al (OH) 3 ya kai ga cikar ciki, kuma ana amfani da shi don kwatanta adadin resin da ake buƙata lokacin da wani adadin foda na Al (OH) 3 ya kai ga cikar ciki.
Hanyar ganowa ita ce kamar haka: ana auna foda alumina hydroxide mai ƙarfi sannan a busar da samfurin ya kai kimanin gram 10, a saka a cikin beaker, a zuba man castor tare da burette, sannan a gauraya a hankali da sandar gilashi don yin man castor da samfurin a cikin ƙwallo daidai gwargwado. An ƙididdige adadin man castor da aka sha a kowace gram 100 na aluminum hydroxide, wato, yawan shan mai na foda hydroxide na ultrafine aluminum.
Bayan an gyara saman foda na aluminum hydroxide, yawan shan mai zai canza zuwa wani mataki. Idan aka gyara foda na ultrafine aluminum hydroxide tare da wakilin haɗin silane, yawan shan mai zai ragu da kusan kashi 10%.
(2) Gwajin SEM
An gano yanayin foda hydroxide na ultrafine kafin da bayan gyara ta hanyar na'urar hangen nesa ta lantarki. Yaɗuwar foda da aka gyara a cikin matrix ya fi na samfurin da ba a gyara ba.
(3) Gwajin FTIR
An yi amfani da na'urar duba infrared Fourier (ftir) don yin nazarin ƙungiyoyin da ke saman samfurin. Misali, ana iya tantance abubuwan da ke cikin vinyl – Vi da – Si ta hanyar amfani da ir spectra na foda aluminum hydroxide tare da gyaran saman methyl vinyl silane mai danshi.
(4) tantance kaddarorin samfura
An yi amfani da foda hydroxide na aluminum ultrafine da aka gyara da waɗanda ba a gyara ba don gwada ma'aunin kebul kamar ma'aunin iskar oxygen, ƙarfin tensile da tsawo a lokacin hutu. Ta hanyar kwatantawa, za a iya gano cewa an inganta kayan hana harshen wuta da halayen injiniya na samfuran da aka gyara.
(5) ma'aunin kunnawa
Fihirisar kunnawa ma'auni ne don kimanta tasirin gyaran saman ta hanyar auna kashi na adadin aluminum hydroxide da ke shawagi a saman ruwa zuwa jimlar aluminum hydroxide bayan an gyara shi. Saboda nau'ikan gyare-gyare daban-daban da hanyoyin magancewa daban-daban na foda hydroxide na ultrafine aluminum, wasu daga cikin foda da aka gyara za su yi iyo a saman ruwa kuma wasu za su nutse.
Kamar sodium stearate, gyaran rigar titanate, gyaran bushewar silane bayan foda hydroxide na ultrafine aluminum, ana iya amfani da ma'aunin kunnawa don kimanta tasirin gyaran; Duk da haka, an gyara silane na hydrophilic ta hanyar busasshiyar hanya, kuma foda hydroxide na ultrafine aluminum da aka gyara ta hanyar silane wet zai nutse cikin ruwa, don haka ba za a iya kimanta tasirin gyaran ta hanyar ma'aunin kunnawa ba, kuma hanyar kimantawa mai kyau ita ce infrared spectroscopy.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-24-2020