Hanyoyin cire sinadarin fluorine

1. Hanyoyin cire sinadarin fluorine sune kamar haka:

1) Ruwan fluorine mai ɗauke da ruwa yana ratsawa ta cikin ginshiƙin shaƙar iska kuma ana shaƙar fluorine a saman mai shaƙar iska don samar da fluoride mara narkewa. Ana kunna masu shaƙar iska alumina, tricalcium phosphate ko gawayi na ƙashi. Ita ce hanya mafi tsufa da ake amfani da ita ga ruwan ƙasa mai fluoride ƙasa da 10mg/L kuma abu da aka dakatar ƙasa da 5mg/L. Lokacin da ƙarfin cire fluorine mai shaƙar iska ya cika, buƙatar ƙara sake farfaɗo da wakili mai sake farfaɗowa.

2) Ana ƙara coagulant coagulant a cikin ruwan da ke ɗauke da fluorine don samar da fluoride mara narkewa, wanda ake cirewa ta hanyar tace ruwan sama. Coagulants sune Al2(SO4)3, basic aluminum chloride, magnesium hydroxide, da sauransu. Ya dace da ruwan da ba shi da danshi mai yawa da ƙarancin sinadarin fluorine.

3) Hanyar musayar ion tana AMFANI da ƙarfin musayar resin musayar ion don cire ions ɗin fluorine daga ruwa.

4) electrodialysis YANA AMFANI DA zaɓaɓɓen ikon da membrane na musayar ion ke iya samu don cire fluorine

5) hanyar juyawar osmosis tana AMFANI da zaɓin ikon da membrane mai rarrafe zai iya ɗauka don cire sinadarin fluorine

Daga cikin hanyoyin da aka ambata a sama, 3), 4) da 5) suna aiki ga ruwan da ke da ruwa mai kauri da kuma yankunan da ke da yawan sinadarin fluorine. Ana amfani da sinadarin osmosis na baya a halin yanzu.

2. Muhimman abubuwan da aka tsara na fasaha don daidaita sinadarin gishirin aluminum da kuma cire sinadarin fluorine daga hazo.

Ruwan da ke taruwa ya dace da ruwan da ba a tace ba wanda ke ɗauke da sinadarin fluoride na ƙasa da 4mg/L. Ruwan da ba a tace ba wanda ke ɗauke da sinadarin fluorine da kuma turbidity na ruwan a lokaci guda. Ya kamata a cire sinadarin gishirin aluminum. Lokacin da yawan ruwan da ba a tace ba na CL-in ya yi yawa, ana amfani da aluminum sulfate. Lokacin da yawan sinadarin sulfate na ruwa ya yi yawa, ana amfani da aluminum chloride; Ana amfani da aluminum chloride na asali lokacin da yawan ion ɗin biyu ya yi yawa.

Lokacin da za a yi coagulation na minti 5-6 ne kuma ƙimar pH gabaɗaya ana sarrafa ta ne tsakanin 6.5 da 7.5. Ana buƙatar a tsara tankin haɗawa, tankin amsawar flocculation, tankin sedimentation da ruwan sama tare da saurin canzawa ko ruwan sama mai ɗorewa, tare da kyakkyawan tasirin cire fluorine.

Tsarin aiki: ruwan ƙasa - coagulation - hazo - tacewa, idan ingancin ruwan da ba a tace ba yana da kyau, ana iya cire ruwan sama ko sashin maganin tacewa, galibi ana amfani da shi kafin a yi amfani da famfo, a haɗa famfo, a ɗauki ruwan sama na sama don sha.

3, tsarin cire sinadarin fluorine da aka kunna ta hanyar amfani da alumina

Gabaɗaya, ruwan ƙasa mai yawan sinadarin fluoride yana da alkalinity mafi girma da PH > 8.0, yayin da PH yana da babban tasiri akan ƙarfin shaye-shaye na alumina mai kunnawa. Ƙarfin shaye-shaye na alumina mai kunnawa shine 4-5g (F-)/kg (Al2O3) lokacin da PH na shan ruwa shine 6.0-6.5. A PH na 6.5-7.0, ƙarfin shaye-shaye shine 3-4g (F-)/kg (Al2O3). Ba tare da daidaitawar PH ba, ƙarfin shaye-shaye shine kusan 1g (F-)/kg (Al2O3).

Alumina mai kunnawa ita ce kayan tacewa, girman barbashi ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 2.5mm, gabaɗaya 0.5-1.5mm, ma'aunin rashin daidaito na kayan tacewa K80≤2 lokacin da sinadarin fluoride na ruwan da ba shi da shi ya kai 4mg/L, kauri na kayan tacewa ya kamata ya zama fiye da 1.5mm; Lokacin da sinadarin fluoride na ruwan da ba shi da shi ya fi 4mg/L, kauri na kayan tacewa ya kamata ya fi 1.8mm. Lokacin da PH na ruwan da ba shi da shi ya fi 7.0, yawan tacewa gabaɗaya shine 2-3m/h, kuma lokacin da PH na ruwan da ba shi da shi ya fi 7.0, yawan tacewa gabaɗaya shine 6-8m/h, kuma lokacin hulɗa da ya dace yakamata ya zama mintuna 20-30. Ana amfani da aluminum sulfate a matsayin maganin sake farfaɗowa, rabon allurai da cire fluorine shine 60:1, kuma abun da ke cikin maganin sake farfaɗowa shine 2%-3%. A lokacin sake farfaɗowa, an fara wanke ruwan da ba a so daga ƙasa zuwa sama da ƙarfin wankewa na 11-12l (s.m2), lokacin wankewa na minti 5-8 da kuma tsawon faɗaɗawa na kimanin 50%. Sannan, an yi amfani da maganin aluminum sulfate na kashi 2% don sake farfaɗowa, wanda aka ratsa daga sama zuwa ƙasa tare da ƙimar tacewa na kimanin mita 0.6/h kuma ya ɗauki minti 6-8. Bayan sake farfaɗowa, a kurkura da ruwan defluorination. Ƙarfin wankewa iri ɗaya ne da na farko kuma ya ɗauki minti 8-10.