Ana samar da aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3), wanda aka fi sani da alum, a matsayin farin lu'ulu'u waɗanda ba sa ƙonewa kuma suna narkewa a cikin ruwa. Wannan busasshen hydrate (Al2(SO4)3.14H2O) shine 17% Al2O3 kuma ana sayar da shi azaman maganin aluminum sulfate na 47% w/w wanda shine 8% Al2O3. Haka kuma ana sayar da shi a cikin tsari mai ƙarfi kamar kibbled, niƙa ko ƙura.
Aluminum sulfate, Al2(SO4)3, masana'antu suna amfani da shi sosai. Amfaninsa ya fi yawa a masana'antar ɓawon burodi da takarda da kuma tsarkake ruwa. Mutane suna amfani da aluminum sulfate tun daga shekara ta 2000 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa, lokacin da Masarawa suka yi amfani da alum mai ma'adinai a matsayin abin sha a rini. An daɗe ana amfani da shi wajen auna takarda don inganta dorewa da karɓar tawada da kuma a cikin maganin ruwa don tsaftace ruwa. Sauran amfani da alum sun haɗa da maganin sharar gida, a matsayin maganin hana ruwa da kuma mai da sauri a cikin siminti, a matsayin mai bayyana kitse da mai da kuma a matsayin mai kumfa a cikin kumfa.
Ana ƙera Alum (kamar yadda aka fi sani da aluminum sulfate) a cikin tsari mai sauƙi na matakai biyu daga aluminum trihydrate da sulfuric acid bisa ga wannan martanin:
2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 + 8H2O → Al2(SO4)3 .14H2O ∆fH = -156 kJ mol-1
Mataki na farko ya ƙunshi haɗa sinadaran a cikin wani reactor, na biyu kuma shine tsarin niƙa kayan don yin nau'ikan alum daban-daban da ake sayarwa.
Kayan danye
Ana tsarkake sinadarin aluminum trihydrate daga bauxite. Ana samun sinadarin bauxite na kasuwanci (30-75% Al2O3) a Ostiraliya, Jamaica, Faransa, Guyana, Guinea, Amurka da Brazil. Ana narkar da ma'adinin bauxite a cikin soda mai ƙarfi don samar da sodium aluminate. Sannan ana haifar da sinadarin aluminum trihydrate ta hanyar neutralization (yawanci tare da carbon dioxide) ko kuma ta hanyar autoprecipitation (tsarin Bayer). Sauran kayan, sulfuric acid, ana ƙera shi don samar da superphosphate a Farmers Fertiliser Ltd. Acid yana zuwa ta tankin mota kuma ana tura shi cikin tankunan ajiya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-18-2022