Ukusetshenziswa: ekukhiqizweni kwe-aluminium hydroxide. I-aluminium hydroxide esunguliwe echotshoziwe ngomusi ku-120 kuya ku-250°C, ingxube ye-profilebuy iyaqina futhi iqine ukuze kutholakale ukumiswa kwamanzi okunokuqukethwe okuqinile okungu-50 kuya ku-300 g/l kanye ne-sodium oxide esigabeni soketshezi esingu-0.05 - 5 g/l Ukumiswa kwamanzi kungeniswa esixazululweni se-aluminate esigcwalisiwe kakhulu, kufakwe ukumiswa okukhishwe ngaphansi kokuxutshwa, kuhlukaniswe i-aluminium hydroxide ehlukanisiwe notshwala obungumama bese kugezwa. 1 Cp f-crystals, 1 Il., ithebula 1.

Lokhu kusungulwa kuhlobene nokukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium hydroxide, futhi ikakhulukazi nokukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium hydroxide enhle evela ezixazululweni zamanzi ze-sodium aluminate.

Indlela yokuthola i-aluminium hydroxide enhle [1] lapho inqubo iqhutshwa khona ngezigaba ezimbili. Esigabeni sokuqala isixazululo se-aluminate siyasuswa nge-hydrochloric acid, kanti i-aluminium hydroxide ephumayo isetshenziswa njengokubola kwembewu kokubola kwesisombululo se-aluminate esisaturated esigabeni sesibili. Ngenxa yalokho, i-aluminium hydroxide enesakhiwo se-hydrargillite, esetshenziselwa izinjongo ezahlukahlukene, isibonelo se-prigotovit umphumela wokungasuswa kwesisombululo se-alkali aluminate esibangelwa yi-caustic. I-aluminium hydroxide ephumelayo ibonakala ngokusabalala okuphezulu kanye nesakhiwo esingaguquki sezinhlayiya, okuphakamisa umsebenzi wayo omkhulu wembewu ekuqhekekeni kwezixazululo ze-aluminate.

Kodwa-ke, le ndlela yokulungiselela imbewu ingenzeka kuphela uma kusetshenziswa izixazululo ze-aluminate ezilungiselelwe ngokukhethekile, ezingenazo ukungcola. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-aluminium hydroxide ephumayo imunca ukungcola okuvela esixazululweni futhi umsebenzi wembewu uyehla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusetshenziswa kwale ndlela ngenxa yejubane eliphansi lokuzinza nokuhlunga, i-aluminium hydroxide yembewu inikezwa esigabeni sesibili ngendlela yokumiswa. Kulesi simo, konke okwakhiwe esigabeni sokuqala sikasawoti kuwela esigabeni sesibili, kungcolise umkhiqizo oyinhloko futhi kusakazeke emkhakheni wezixazululo zokukhiqiza.

Okuseduze kakhulu nokusungulwa kwe-technical essence kanye nomphumela otholiwe yindlela yokuthola i-aluminium hydroxide encane njengembewu esebenzisa i-aluminium hydroxide, egayiwe endaweni ethile, engaphezu noma elingana ne-1 m.²/g, kuyilapho imbewu ifakwa kwisisombululo se-aluminate ngenani elifanele kangangokuthi ingqikithi yendawo yonke i-satco iyikhemikhali yayo futhi ngenxa yalokho, umsebenzi wembewu uphansi, okudinga ukusetshenziswa kwenani elikhulu lembewu kanye nezindleko zamandla eziphezulu ekulungiseleleni kwayo.

Isisekelo salokhu kusungulwa ukuthuthukisa indlela yokulungiselela imbewu ye-aluminium hydroxide, eqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kwembewu kanye nokuhlanzeka kwamakhemikhali, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezinsiza zamandla.

Ngale njongo, indlela yokukhiqiza i-aluminium hydroxide, ehlanganisa ukugaya imbewu ye-aluminium hydroxide, ukuxuba imbewu echotshoziwe nesisombululo esigcwalisiwe bese kukhishwa ukumiswa okubangelwayo ngokuxuba, i-aluminium hydroxide yembewu ye-aluminium hydroxide echotshoziwe umusi ochotshoziwe ku-120-250^mayelanaC. iphrofayili yokuhlanganisa ingxube yokuthenga nge-suspension yamanzi amukelayo equkethe ama-50-300 kg/m2³i-aluminium hydroxide eyimpuphu, esetshenziswa njengembewu.

Okuqukethwe okufanele kwe-sodium oxide esigabeni soketshezi sokumiswa ukuze kulondolozwe ngaphakathi kuka-0.05 kuya ku-5 g/L.

Ukugaya umusi we-aluminium hydroxide ku-120-250^mayelanaIhlinzeka ngokuthola i-aluminium hydroxide emsulwa ngamakhemikhali enomsebenzi omkhulu wembewu. Cwaninga inani lemifantu, ama-chips kanye nama-ledge, anesakhiwo esingaguquki.

Isakhiwo sobuso esichaziwe sinquma umsebenzi wayo ophezulu wembewu uma kusetshenziswa i-aluminium hydroxide njengembewu.

Umphumela omkhulu utholakala lapho izinga lokushisa lomusi ekamelweni lokugaya lifinyelela ku-120-250^mayelanaC.

Uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kwama-degrees angu-120^mayelanaNgomsebenzi wamakhemikhali wobuso be-aluminium hydroxide echotshoziwe kuyafana nakwezinye izindlela zokugaya.

Izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngaphezu kwama-250^mayelanaAkukhulisi umsebenzi wamakhemikhali wobuso, noma kunjalo, izindleko zamandla okushisa ziyanda ekulungiseleleni imbewu.

Uma okuqukethwe okuqinile ekumisweni kwamanzi kutholakala ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa kwe-comdensation paraphilias, umsebenzi wokumiswa kwembewu ongu-50-300 g/l uphezulu.

Ukwehla kokuqukethwe kwe-solid ku-suspension kungaphansi kwama-50 g/l cishe akunamthelela emsebenzini wayo ongenalutho, kodwa kule nqubo kungenisa inani elikhulu lamanzi, okudinga izindleko ezengeziwe ekuhwamukeni kwawo.

Ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwezinto eziqinile emanzini angaphezu kwama-300 g/l womsebenzi wakhe ongenalutho kuyehla. Lokhu kubangelwa ukwehla kwe-x uhlobo lwe-acid-base.

Okuqukethwe kwe-sodium oxide esigabeni soketshezi sokumiswa kwamanzi kububanzi obungu-0.05-5 g/l kunikeza umsebenzi wayo omkhulu wembewu.

Umkhawulo ophansi wokuhlushwa unqunyelwe okuqukethwe yi-intracrystalline alkali-washed aluminium hydroxide, efika ekugayweni.

Uma ukuhlushwa kwe-sodium oxide kungaphezu kuka-5 g/l, umsebenzi wembewu uyancishiswa ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwezakhiwo ezingafani ebusweni bembewu.

Indlela ehlongozwayo yokukhiqiza i-aluminium hydroxide yenziwa kusetshenziswa imishini ekhiqizwe futhi esetshenziswa ezitshalweni zasekhaya: uhlobo lwe-jet mill ES-06; SP-1, njll.

Ku-jet mill ukugaya kwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imidiya yokugaya kusetshenziswa isimiso sezinto ezingabhema lapho kushayisana izinhlayiya. Ukusebenzisa i-jet mills kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa imingcele ephakanyisiwe yenqubo nokuthola umphumela wezobuchwepheshe odingekayo.

Ku-boron equkethe abahlinzeki bokupholisa abantu abageleza. Ukupholisa amanzi akhiqizwayo. Lapho lo mphunga uqina bese wenza ukumiswa kwe-aluminium hydroxide emanzini, okuthi ngemva kokuqina kusetshenziswe ku-Kea.

I-aluminium hydroxide evela ku-hopper 1 ngesikulufu 2 ifakwa kumshini wokugaya i-jet tube osheshisayo 3. Amashubhu asheshisa i-aluminium hydroxide isheshisa umfutho womusi. Izinhlayiya ezishayisanayo zishayisana, zichotshozwe futhi zikhishwe umusi kumshini wokugaya i-centrifugal 4. Izinhlayiya ezinkulu zibuyiselwa kumshini wokugaya ku-Dorisol, bese zichotshozwa zibe usayizi wezinhlayiya ozifunayo zizogcinwa ohlelweni lokuqoqa uthuli 5. Umfudlana we-Paraphilias uyaphola, ugobile, ukumiswa kwamanzi 6 kugobile ku-thickener 7, kuxutshwe nesisombululo se-aluminate esi-supersaturated 8 bese kungena ku-reactor 9, egcinwa ngaphansi kokuxutshwa. Ngemva kokucwiliswa, i-aluminium hydroxide ihlukaniswa notshwala obungumama kusihlungi 10, igezwe futhi ithunyelwe kumthengi.

Ukuqhathanisa idatha evela ekuhlolweni okuningi kusikisela ukuthi ukugaya i-aluminium hydroxide ku-jet mill ku-steam ku-120-250^mayelanaNgokusebenzisa nokulandela ukumiswa kwamanzi kwezinto eziwuphuphu eziqukethe i-50-300 g/l eqinile njengembewu, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo oqediwe ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwembewu emsulwa ngamakhemikhali, umsebenzi omkhulu wembewu.

I-Industrial Prime p 1 kg ye-aluminium hydroxide enobukhulu obujwayelekile bekristalu obungu-40 μm umusi ocoliwe emshinini wokugaya ijethi yelabhorethri. Izinga lokushisa lomusi emnyango womshini wokugaya ijethi lalingu-160^mayelanaNgokucindezela okungu-7 MPa. Izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lokugaya 140^mayelanaC. Usayizi omaphakathi wamakristalu ngemva kokugaya ufika ku-2.0 μm.

I-aluminium hydroxide ephuciwe, eyenziwe ngendlela yengxube ye-paraphilias, ibanjwa ngohlobo lwefilimu equkethe i-boron. Ukujiya komusi okhiqizwa ngamanzi abandayo aqukethe i-boron. Ngemva kokujiya abantu abagelezayo bathola amalitha ayi-10 okumiswa okuqukethe i-100 g/l ye-aluminium hydroxide ephuciwe kanye ne-0.4 g/l ye-sodium oxide esigabeni soketshezi.

Ukumiswa kwamanzi okungu-0,04 l kuxutshwe nelitha eli-1 lesisombululo se-aluminate esiqukethe, g/l: Na₂O_ku130,9; Al₂O₃137,2; Cha₂CO₃20,3; NaCl 12,2; Na₂SO₄5,4; ikhabhoni ephilayo (i-Corg.) 12,4. Ukumiswa okubangelwayo kufakwa ku-reactor futhi kugcinwe ngaphansi kokuxutshwa ku-55^mayelanaC amahora angama-24

Izinga lokubola kwesisombululo se-aluminate lalingu-50.2% wenani lokukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium hydroxide 109,4, Usayizi omaphakathi wamakristalu ku-sediment ongu-3.6 μm, okuqukethwe kokungcola ku-aluminium hydroxide, i-Na₂O 0,42; Fe₂O₃0,021; i-SiO₂0,018.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo eziphakanyisiwe, ezingcono kakhulu futhi ezingaphezu kuka-C, ukusebenza kahle kokubola kutholakala ekushiseni ekamelweni lokugaya 120-250^mayelanaUma, okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium hydroxide echotshoziwe ekumisweni kwamanzi kungu-50-300 g/l kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-sodium oxide esigabeni soketshezi sokumiswa kwamanzi kungu-0.05-5 g/L.

1. INDLELA yokukhiqiza i-aluminium hydroxide, ehlanganisa ukugaya imbewu ye-aluminium hydroxide, ukuxuba imbewu ye-aluminium hydroxide echotshoziwe kusuka kusisombululo se-aluminium esigcwalisiwe, ukuguga kokumiswa okubangelwayo ngokuxuba, uMnyango ukhiphe i-aluminium hydroxide kusuka ku-mother liquor kanye nokuwasha, okuchazwa ngokuthi ukugaya i-aluminium hydroxide kwenziwa ngomusi ku-120 250^oNgephrofayili etholakele, thenga ukumiswa okujiyile bese kuqina ukuze uthole ukumiswa kwamanzi okunokuqukethwe okuqinile okungu-50 kuya ku-300 g/l bese kufakwa esixazululweni esigcwalisiwe kakhulu.

2. Indlela ngokusho kwekhasi 1, ebonakala ngokuthi okuqukethwe kwe-sodium oxide esigabeni soketshezi sokumiswa kwamanzi kugcinwa ngaphakathi kobubanzi obungu-0.05 kuya ku-5.0 g/L.