Impuphu ye-aluminium hydroxide e-Ultrafine inemisebenzi eminingi efana nokuvimbela ilangabi, ukuqeda intuthu kanye nokugcwalisa, futhi ingakhiqiza umphumela wokuvimbela ilangabi ohambisana ne-phosphorus nezinye izinto. Iyisivikelo esibalulekile semvelo esivimbela ilangabi embonini ye-elekthronikhi, yamakhemikhali, yekhebula, yepulasitiki, yerabha kanye neminye imboni.
I-aluminium hydroxide iyi-inorganic flame retardant yohlobo lokugcwalisa, ukuze kufezwe umphumela ongcono we-flame retardant, inani lokugcwalisa kudingeka libe ngaphezu kuka-40% (inani eliphelele), amanye aze afike ku-60%, kodwa inani lokugcwalisa eliphezulu alithinti nje kuphela izakhiwo zemishini zemikhiqizo, kodwa futhi lenza ukusebenza kwe-extrusion kanye nokucubungula kube kubi kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze kwenziwe i-aluminium hydroxide powder enhle kakhulu, ingasetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni ezivimbela ilangabi ezifana ne-polyolefin, kufanele kube nokuguqulwa kobuso be-aluminium hydroxide powder, ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ebusweni, kuthuthukiswe i-aluminium hydroxide powder enhle kakhulu kanye ne-substrate, ukuhambisana kwe-polymer noma i-resin yemvelo kanye nokusabalala kwe-substrate yemvelo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okusebenza kwezinto kanye nokusebenza okuphelele.
1. Isiguquli somphezulu esivame ukusetshenziswa kwi-aluminium hydroxide e-ultrafine
(1) i-ejenti yokuxhuma i-silane
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zama-ejenti okuhlanganisa i-silane, phakathi kwawo i-ejenti yokuhlanganisa i-silane yeqembu elisebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukuzinza kwe-ejenti yokuhlanganisa i-silane yeqembu elisebenza kahle kuphakathi kwensimbi nensimbi. Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini zemikhiqizo, i-ejenti yokuhlanganisa i-silane yeqembu elisebenza kahle ingathuthukisa izakhiwo zikagesi kanye nokumelana nomswakama kwemikhiqizo.
(2) i-ejenti yokuhlanganisa i-zirconium
I-agent yokuhlanganisa i-zirconium yekilasi equkethe i-zirconium aluminate isisindo esincane sama-molecule esihlobene se-polymer engaphili ku-chain eyinhloko ye-molecule ekuhlanganisweni kwezinhlobo ezimbili zama-subunit e-organic ligand, i-dentate ene-agent yokuhlanganisa ukuzinza okuhle kwe-hydroxyl, enye i-dentate kuya ku-agent yokuhlanganisa ukusabela okuhle kwemvelo, i-aluminium hydroxide superfine aluminium hydroxide powder inemiphumela emihle eguquliwe.
(3) ama-fatty acid aphezulu kanye nosawoti wawo
Esakhiweni sama-molecule sama-fatty acid aphezulu kanye nosawoti wawo, uhlangothi olulodwa luyiqembu le-alkyl elinochungechunge olude, kanti olunye uhlangothi luyiqembu le-carboxyl kanye nosawoti walo wensimbi ongasabela namaqembu asebenzayo ebusweni be-aluminium hydroxide. Ukwelapha i-aluminium hydroxide powder enamafutha amaningi kanye nosawoti wayo kungathuthukisa ukusondelana phakathi kwe-aluminium hydroxide powder enamafutha amaningi kanye ne-polymer molecule, futhi kuthuthukise izakhiwo zemishini nezokucubungula zomkhiqizo.
(4) ama-asidi angaphili kahle
Ama-asidi ajwayelekile e-organic angagcwalisiwe yilawa: i-acrylic acid, i-methacrylic acid, i-cinnamic acid, njll. Ngokuvamile, uma i-asidi iqina, kulula ukwakha i-ionic bond, ngakho khetha okuningi: i-acrylic acid kanye ne-methacrylic acid.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-organic acid zingasetshenziswa zodwa, futhi zingaba ukusetshenziswa okuxubile, ukwelashwa kwama-ion ensimbi e-alkali aqukethe i-mineral ultrafine aluminium hydroxide powder, umphumela uba ngcono.
(5) i-organosilicon
I-organosilicon yama-macromolecule, eyaziwa nangokuthi uwoyela we-silicon, uhlobo lwe-polymer oluxhunywe neqembu le-organic ku-athomu ye-silicon yi-silicon oxygen bond chain (si-o-si) njengohlaka lwamathambo. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-polymethylsiloxane equkethe i-hydrogen, i-polydimethylsiloxane eqediwe yi-hydroxyl, njll.
2. Inqubo yokuguqulwa kobuso be-aluminium hydroxide enhle kakhulu
Njengamanje, izindlela zokuguqula ubuso be-aluminium hydroxide powder e-ultrafine kakhulu zomile futhi zimanzi.
(1) ukuguqulwa okomile
Kule nqubo, i-modified ultrafine aluminum hydroxide powder ishiswa ekushiseni okuthile, bese i-modifier idonswa kancane kancane ku-aluminium hydroxide powder enesivinini esikhulu, bese umkhiqizo umiswa ukuze upakishwe ngemva kokusabela kwesikhathi esithile.
Izinzuzo zokuguqulwa okomile yizidingo eziphansi zemishini kanye nokusebenza okulula. Ububi ukuthi amandla abasebenzi aphezulu, izinga lokumboza i-aluminium hydroxide powder liphansi.
(2) ukuguqulwa okumanzi
Ukuguqulwa okumanzi kusenqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium hydroxide powder e-ultrafine, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-aluminium hydroxide slurry ngemva kokuhlunga, ukuwasha, ukuhlunga ikhekhe, ekushiseni okuthile kwe-slurry yokushaya ngemva kokufaka i-modifier, ukuxuba isikhathi esithile, ukuhlunga, ukomisa nokushaya iphakheji.
Izinzuzo zokuguqulwa okumanzi ziphansi kakhulu, akukho ukungcola kothuli, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu, izinga eliphezulu lokumboza i-aluminium hydroxide powder, 20-30%, umphumela wokuguqulwa uphakeme futhi uzinzile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuguqulwa okomile, ukuguqulwa okumanzi kunenqubo ende kanye nezidingo eziphakeme emishinini. Ngenxa yezinzuzo zokuguqulwa okumanzi, kancane kancane kuthatha indawo yendlela yokukhiqiza yokuguqulwa okomile.
3. Indlela yokuhlola yomphumela wokuguqulwa kobuso be-aluminium hydroxide e-ultrafine
(1) ukuhlolwa kwesilinganiso sokumuncwa kwamafutha
Izinga lokumuncwa kwamafutha lisetshenziswa kakhulu ukukala inani lamafutha e-castor adingekayo lapho inani elithile le-Al (OH) 3 powder lifinyelela nje ekungeneni kokugcwala, futhi lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza inani le-resin elidingekayo lapho inani elithile le-Al (OH) 3 powder lifinyelela nje ekungeneni kokugcwala.
Indlela yokuthola imi kanje: i-superfine alumina hydroxide powder iyakalwa bese isampula eyomisiwe ingama-10g, ibekwe ebhekheni, ilahle uwoyela we-castor nge-burette, bese ixutshwa ngobumnene nenduku yengilazi ukuze kwenziwe uwoyela we-castor bese isampula ifakwe ngokulinganayo ebholeni. Inani lamafutha e-castor afakwe ku-100g ngayinye ye-aluminium hydroxide libalwe, okungukuthi, izinga lokumuncwa kwamafutha e-ultrafine aluminum hydroxide powder.
Ngemva kokuguqulwa kobuso be-aluminium hydroxide powder, izinga lokumuncwa kwamafutha lizoshintsha ngezinga elithile. Uma i-aluminium hydroxide powder ye-ultrafine iguqulwa nge-ejenti yokuhlanganisa i-silane, izinga lokumuncwa kwamafutha lizoncipha cishe ngo-10%.
(2) Ukuhlolwa kwe-SEM
Ukwakheka kwempuphu ye-aluminium hydroxide e-ultrafine ngaphambi nangemva kokuguqulwa kwatholakala nge-electron microscope. Ukusabalala kwempuphu eguquliwe ku-matrix kwakungcono kunokomkhiqizo ongaguquliwe.
(3) Ukuhlolwa kwe-FTIR
I-Fourier infrared spectroscopy (ftir) yasetshenziswa ukuhlaziya amaqembu ebusweni bomkhiqizo. Isibonelo, okuqukethwe kwe-vinyl – Vi kanye – Si kunganqunywa yi-ir spectra ye-aluminium hydroxide powder ngokuguqulwa kobuso obumanzi be-methyl vinyl silane.
(4) ukunqunywa kwezakhiwo zomkhiqizo
Ama-powder e-aluminium hydroxide aguquliwe futhi angaguquliwe asetshenziswa ukuhlola izinkomba zekhebula ezifana ne-oxygen index, amandla okudonsa kanye nokwelulwa ngesikhathi sokuphuka. Ngokuqhathanisa, kungatholakala ukuthi izakhiwo zokulawula ilangabi kanye nezokukhanda zemikhiqizo eguquliwe zithuthukisiwe.
(5) inkomba yokusebenzisa
Inkomba yokuqalisa iyinkomba yokuhlola umphumela wokuguqulwa kobuso ngokulinganisa iphesenti yenani le-aluminium hydroxide entanta phezu kwamanzi kuya enanini eliphelele le-aluminium hydroxide ngemva kokuguqulwa. Ngenxa yezinhlobo ezahlukene zezilungisi zobuso kanye nezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha izimpushana ze-aluminium hydroxide ezithambile kakhulu, ezinye zezimpushana eziguquliwe zizontanta phezu kwamanzi kanti ezinye zizocwila.
Njenge-sodium stearate, ukuguqulwa okumanzi kwe-titanate, ukuguqulwa okomile kwe-silane okumanzi ngemuva kwe-ultrafine aluminium hydroxide powder, i-activation index ingasetshenziswa ukuhlola umphumela wokuguqulwa; Kodwa-ke, i-hydrophilic silane yaguqulwa ngendlela eyomile, kanti i-ultrafine aluminium hydroxide powder eguqulwe ngendlela emanzi ye-silane yayizocwila emanzini, ngakho umphumela wokuguqulwa wawungeke uhlolwe nge-activation index, futhi indlela yokuhlola enembile yayiyi-infrared spectroscopy.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-24-2020