Isicelo se-Aluminium Hydroxide

Igama elithi “Chemical alumina” libhekisela ekukhiqizweni kwe-aluminium ingot ngaphandle kwe-alumina, i-aluminium oxide kanye ne-aluminium hydroxide imikhiqizo ehlukanisiwe noma imikhiqizo enwetshiwe. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-alumina yamakhemikhali, futhi inezinhlobo eziningi zezicelo emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlobene ne-aluminium hydroxide.

I-aluminium hydroxide, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-hydrated alumina, i-hydrous alumina, i-alumina hydrate, iyinhlanganisela ejwayelekile ye-amphoteric, encibilikayo kuma-acid kanye nezisekelo, engancibiliki emanzini nasetshwaleni. Ifomula ejwayelekile yi-Al2O3 • H2O enephuzu lokuncibilika elingu-300 (ukulahlekelwa amanzi). Ngokusho kokuqukethwe kwayo kwamanzi, uchungechunge lwe-aluminium hydroxide lungahlukaniswa lube yi: i-alumina trihydrate, i-alumina monohydrate, i-alumina ephansi yekristali kanye ne-amorphous aluminium hydroxide. Ikhishwe ku-bauxite, ingenziwa futhi ngosawoti we-aluminium kanye ne-sodium hydroxide ngamanzi e-ammonia. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-crystalline kanye ne-amorphous (ijeli).

I-aluminium hydroxide e-Amorphous i-alkali ephansi, insimbi ephansi, izinhlayiya ezincane, kanye nomhlophe ophezulu. Imodeli yokusetshenziswa inezinzuzo zobulukhuni obukhulu, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokuguguleka, ukuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali, okungenabuthi, okungenambitheki, okungahambi kahle, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokumuncwa kokushisa lapho imodeli yokusetshenziswa ishiswa ngaphezu kuka-250 DEG C, futhi inokususa intuthu okuhle kanye nokuvinjelwa komlilo okuhle. Izindawo eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa yilezi ezilandelayo.

I-aluminium hydroxide uhlobo lokugcwalisa okungaxutshwe nalutho oluhlanzekile, okuqukethwe kwayo kokungcola kuphansi, kanti uchungechunge lwama-polymer asebenzisa i-aluminium hydroxide njenge-ejenti yokugcwalisa yi-polyurethane resin, i-epoxy resin, i-polyethylene, i-polypropylene, irabha ye-styrene butadiene, njll. I-aluminium hydroxide njengendlela yokuvimbela ilangabi esebenzayo kanye nokucindezela intuthu ibilokhu isetshenziswa ku-resin engagcwalisiwe iminyaka eminingi.

Indlela yokuvimbela ilangabi yokwengeza i-ATH ku-polymer, ukunciphisa ukugcwala kukaphethiloli; i-aluminium hydroxide yaqala ku-250 DEG C endothermic dehydration, ukuvimbela ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa le-polymer; ukubola komswakama wamanzi ukuncishiswa kokugcwala komoya-mpilo, ukusha kancane; ekukhiqizeni ubuso obuvuthayo be-alumina kungavimbela ukusabela kokusha ukuthi kuqhubeke.

I-aluminium hydroxide isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokumboza ukuze kufakwe izinto zokuhlobisa ebusweni, ezigcwalisini, kanye nephepha elingashi. I-aluminium hydroxide ingathuthukisa ukukhanya, ukubonakaliswa, ukumelana nokukhanya, ukushelela kanye nokunyatheliswa kwephepha. I-aluminium hydroxide ingasetshenziswa futhi njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zephepha elimboziwe, kanti i-titania izothatha indawo yobumba. Usayizi wezinhlayiya ze-aluminium hydroxide ezisetshenziswa njalo ungama-0.7-1.4 mu m.

Iphepha elivimbela umlilo: elivimbela ilangabi, elibangela i-carbonization yomlilo, kodwa elingashi. Lenziwe ngephepha le-asbestos, noma elivimbela ilangabi elinephepha elifanele (njenge-aluminium hydroxide) kanye nokwelashwa.

I-aluminium hydroxide ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinambitheki, ayincibiliki emanzini, iwuhlobo oluhle lwe-agent yokungqubuzana engathathi hlangothi, i-agent yokungqubuzana yamazinyo yokukhiqiza izimboni ye-aluminium hydroxide. Ubulukhuni be-Mohs bungu-2.5-3.5, ubumsulwa obungaphezu kuka-99%, inani le-pH lingu-8.0-9.5, inani le-D50 lingu-8-15 micron, intengo iphakathi, iyi-agent yokungqubuzana yamazinyo enhle, i-fluoride kanye nokuhambisana kwayo, ukusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ingenye yezidakamizwa ezifanelekile zokuxubha amazinyo.

I-Mullite (noma i-mullite) uchungechunge lwamaminerali aqukethe i-aluminosilicate. I-Mullite iyona kuphela inhlanganisela yezinto ezimbili ezizinzile ohlelweni lwe-Al2O3 SiO2. Lolu hlobo lwamaminerali alutholakali kalula. Luhlobo lwe-refractory yekhwalithi ephezulu, futhi i-mullite ingakhiwa ngokushisa i-aluminium silicate ngokwenziwa. I-Mullite isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni ezi-refractories, izinto zobumba, izinsimbi, ukucubungula, izinto zikagesi kanye neminye imboni. Inezici zokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu kanye nokuqhuba okuncane kokushisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-aluminium hydroxide ingasetshenziswa njengemabula yokwenziwa, i-agate yokwenziwa, i-carpet filler; ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium sulfate, i-alum, i-alumina, i-alumina emanzi, imikhiqizo yerabha yezinto zamakhemikhali ze-sodium aluminate; i-flame retardant; isetshenziswa njenge-filler kanye nezithasiselo zezinamathelisi kanye nezivalo; isihlungi se-molecular zokwenziwa; ye-gastric antiacids njll.

Uhlobo lwejeli i-aluminium hydroxide yi-Aluminium Hydroxide Gel, i-boehmite, i-alumina engenasimo. Ine-glue enhle, ukubumba, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, amandla amakhulu okushisa, ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuphansi, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, amandla aphezulu kanye nobuso obubushelelezi.

I-aluminium hydroxide ingenye yezithako eziyinhloko zejeli ye-aluminium yesisu ukwelashwa kwesisu kanye ne-asidi yesisu, imithi yendabuko, amalungiselelo ahlanganisiwe njenge-vitamin U nama-capsule e-aluminium, Amaphilisi e-Aluminium Hydroxide nezinye izingxenye ezinkulu, angasetshenziswa futhi ezintweni zokwelapha. Indlela esebenza ngayo i-asidi yayo yokulwa nesisu yi-Al (OH)3+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2O. I-alumina yamanzi ayisithupha elungiselelwe nge-aluminium hydroxide ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti ye-gelling emkhakheni wezokwelapha kanye nezimonyo.

Ukwelashwa kwendawo kanye ne-adhesive adhesive. Ukusetshenziswa kwejeli ye-Aluminium Hydroxide kungenziwa nge-inorganic noma i-organic fiber, kusetshenziswa ukumelana kwayo nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokuphela kwendawo, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenziweni kwezinto zobumba zezinga eliphezulu, futhi esetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-porcelain kagesi; ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi iyinto yokugcwalisa i-inorganic.