Umgubo we-aluminium hydroxide othambileyo kakhulu unemisebenzi emininzi efana nokungatshisi ilangatye, ukucima umsi kunye nokuzalisa, kwaye unokuvelisa isiphumo sokungatshisi ilangatye esihambelanayo kunye ne-phosphorus kunye nezinye izinto. Sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokukhusela ilangatye kwi-elektroniki, iikhemikhali, iintambo, iplastiki, irabha kunye neminye imimandla.
I-aluminium hydroxide yi-inorganic flame retardant yohlobo lokuzalisa, ukuze kufezekiswe isiphumo esingcono se-flame retardant, isixa sokuzalisa kufuneka sibe ngaphezulu kwe-40% (isixa sisonke), ezinye zide zifikelele kwi-60%, kodwa isixa esiphezulu sokuzalisa asichaphazeli nje kuphela iimpawu zoomatshini zeemveliso, kodwa senza ukuba ukusebenza kwe-extrusion kunye ne-processing kube mandundu.
Ngoko ke, ukuze kwenziwe umgubo we-aluminium hydroxide ocoliweyo kakhulu, ingasetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto ezithintela ilangatye ezifana ne-polyolefin, kufuneka kuguqulwe umphezulu womgubo we-aluminium hydroxide, ukuze kuphuculwe iipropati zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali kumphezulu, kuphuculwe umgubo we-aluminium hydroxide ocoliweyo kakhulu kunye ne-substrate, ukuhambelana kwe-polymer okanye i-resin kunye nokusasazeka kwi-substrate yendalo, ukuze kuphuculwe amandla oomatshini ezinto kunye nokusebenza okubanzi.
1. Umphezulu wokuguqula osetyenziswa rhoqo kwi-aluminium hydroxide e-ultrafine
(1) iarhente yokudibanisa i-silane
Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zee-arhente zokudibanisa i-silane, phakathi kwazo i-arhente yokudibanisa i-silane yeqela elinomgangatho omnye – esebenzayo yeyona izinzileyo. Uzinzo lwe-arhente yokudibanisa i-silane yeqela elinomgangatho omnye luphakathi kwentsimbi nesinyithi. Ukongeza ekuphuculeni iipropati zoomatshini zeemveliso, i-arhente yokudibanisa i-silane yeqela elinomgangatho ofanayo inokuphucula iipropati zombane kunye nokumelana nokufuma kweemveliso.
(2) iarhente yokudibanisa i-zirconium
I-arhente yokudibanisa i-zirconium equlathe i-zirconium aluminate, ubunzima obuphantsi be-molecule ye-polymer engaphiliyo kwikhonkco eliphambili le-molecule, i-dentate ene-agent yokudibanisa i-hydroxyl uzinzo oluhle, enye i-dentate ukuya kwi-agent yokudibanisa i-agent isabela kakuhle kwi-organic, i-aluminium hydroxide superfine aluminiyamu hydroxide powder ineziphumo ezilungileyo ezilungisiweyo.
(3) ii-fatty acids eziphezulu kunye neetyuwa zazo
Kwisakhiwo semolekyuli se-fatty acids ephezulu kunye neetyuwa zazo, isiphelo esinye liqela le-alkyl eline-long-chain, kwaye esinye isiphelo liqela le-carboxyl kunye netyuwa yayo yesinyithi enokusabela kunye namaqela asebenzayo omphezulu we-aluminium hydroxide. Ukunyanga i-aluminium hydroxide powder ye-ultrafine ene-fatty acid ephezulu kunye netyuwa yayo kunokuphucula ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-aluminium hydroxide powder ye-ultrafine kunye ne-polymer molecule, kwaye kuphuculwe iipropati zoomatshini kunye nezokucubungula zemveliso.
(4) ii-asidi ze-organic ezingagcwaliyo
Ii-asidi ze-organic ezingagcwaliyo eziqhelekileyo zezi: i-acrylic acid, i-methacrylic acid, i-cinnamic acid, njl. Ngokubanzi, okukhona i-asidi inamandla, kokukhona kulula ukwenza i-ionic bond, ngoko ke khetha okungakumbi: i-acrylic acid kunye ne-methacrylic acid.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-organic acids zingasetyenziswa zodwa, zingasetyenziswa ngokuxuba, unyango lwee-ion ze-alkali metal eziqulethe i-mineral ultrafine aluminium hydroxide powder, isiphumo singcono.
(5) i-organosilicon
I-organosilicon ye-macromolecule, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-oyile ye-silicon, luhlobo lwe-polymer edibene neqela le-organic kwi-atom ye-silicon nge-silicon oxygen bond chain (si-o-si) njenge-skeleton. Ezisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-polymethylsiloxane equlethe i-hydrogen, i-polydimethylsiloxane epheliswe yi-hydroxyl, njl.njl.
2. Inkqubo yokuguqula umphezulu we-aluminium hydroxide ecolekileyo kakhulu
Okwangoku, iindlela zokuguqula umphezulu we-ultrafine aluminum hydroxide powder ikakhulu zomile kwaye zimanzi.
(1) utshintsho olomileyo
Kule nkqubo, umgubo we-aluminium hydroxide oguquliweyo we-ultrafine utshiswa ukuya kubushushu obuthile, kwaye i-modifier ithontsizwa kancinci kwi-aluminium hydroxide powder ekhawulezayo, kwaye imveliso iyamiswa ukuze ipakishwe emva kokusabela kwixesha elithile.
Iingenelo zokuguqulwa komile ziimfuno eziphantsi kwizixhobo kunye nokusebenza okulula. Ingxaki kukuba amandla abasebenzi aphezulu, izinga lokugquma umgubo we-aluminium hydroxide liphantsi.
(2) ukuguqulwa okumanzi
Utshintsho olumanzi lukwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-aluminium hydroxide powder ethambileyo kakhulu, ukwenziwa kwe-aluminium hydroxide slurry emva kokucoca, ukuhlamba, ukuhluza ikhekhe, kubushushu obuthile be-slurry emva kokongeza i-modifier, ukuxuba ixesha elithile, ukucoca, ukomisa kunye nokugquma ukupakisha.
Iingenelo zokuguqulwa okumanzi ziphantsi kakhulu kukusebenza nzima, akukho ungcoliseko lothuli, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, izinga eliphezulu lokugquma umgubo we-aluminium hydroxide, 20-30%, isiphumo sokuguqulwa siphezulu kwaye sizinzile. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuguqulwa okomileyo, ukuguqulwa okumanzi kunenkqubo ende kwaye kufuneka izixhobo eziphezulu. Ngenxa yeengenelo zokuguqulwa okumanzi, ngokuthe ngcembe ithatha indawo yendlela yokuvelisa ukuguqulwa okomileyo.
3. Indlela yokuvavanya isiphumo sokuguqulwa komphezulu we-aluminium hydroxide ethambileyo
(1) uvavanyo lwezinga lokufunxwa kweoyile
Izinga lokufunxwa kweoyile lisetyenziswa kakhulu ukulinganisa ubungakanani beoyile ye-castor efunekayo xa inani elithile le-Al (OH) 3 powder lifikelela nje ekungeneni kwe-saturation, kwaye lisetyenziswa ukuchaza ubungakanani be-resin efunekayo xa inani elithile le-Al (OH) 3 powder lifikelela nje ekungeneni kwe-saturation.
Indlela yokubhaqa yile ilandelayo: umgubo we-alumina hydroxide ocoliweyo uyalinganiswa kwaye isampuli eyomileyo imalunga ne-10g, ibekwe kwi-beaker, ilahle i-castor oil kunye ne-burette, kwaye ixutywe ngobunono ngentonga yeglasi ukwenza i-castor oil kunye nesampuli ifakwe ngokulinganayo ebholeni. Ubungakanani be-castor oil efunxwayo kwi-100g nganye ye-aluminium hydroxide babalwe, oko kukuthi, izinga lokufunxwa kweoyile ye-ultrafine aluminum hydroxide powder.
Emva kokuguqulwa komphezulu we-aluminium hydroxide powder, izinga lokufunxwa kweoyile liya kutshintsha ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Ukuba i-aluminium hydroxide powder ye-ultrafine iguqulwe nge-silane coupling agent, izinga lokufunxwa kweoyile liya kuncipha malunga ne-10%.
(2) Uvavanyo lwe-SEM
Imo ye-ultrafine aluminum hydroxide powder ngaphambi nasemva kokuguqulwa ibonwe nge-electron microscope. Ukusasazeka kwe-modified powder kwi-matrix bekungcono kunokwemveliso engaguqulwanga.
(3) Uvavanyo lwe-FTIR
I-Fourier infrared spectroscopy (ftir) isetyenzisiwe ukuhlalutya amaqela kumphezulu wemveliso. Umzekelo, umxholo we-vinyl – Vi kunye no – Si unokufunyanwa yi-ir spectra ye-aluminium hydroxide powder kunye nokuguqulwa komphezulu omanzi we-methyl vinyl silane.
(4) ukumiselwa kweempawu zemveliso
Iipowder ze-aluminium hydroxide eziguquliweyo nezingaguqukiyo zisetyenzisiwe ukuvavanya ii-indexes zekhebula ezifana ne-oxygen index, amandla okutsalwa kunye nobude ngexesha lokuphazamiseka. Ngokuthelekisa, kunokufunyaniswa ukuba iipropati zokuthintela ilangatye kunye noomatshini beemveliso eziguquliweyo ziphuculwe.
(5) isalathisi sokusebenza
Isalathisi sokusebenza sisalathisi sokuvavanya isiphumo sokuguqulwa komphezulu ngokulinganisa ipesenti yenani le-aluminium hydroxide edada phezu kwamanzi ukuya kwinani lilonke le-aluminium hydroxide emva kokuguqulwa. Ngenxa yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-surface modifiers kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwe-ultrafine aluminium hydroxide powders, ezinye ze-modified powders ziya kudada phezu kwamanzi kwaye ezinye ziya kutshona.
Ezifana ne-sodium stearate, i-titanate wet modification, i-hydrophobic silane dry modification emva kwe-ultrafine aluminum hydroxide powder, i-activation index ingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya isiphumo sokuguqulwa; Nangona kunjalo, i-hydrophilic silane yatshintshwa ngendlela eyomileyo, kwaye i-ultrafine aluminum hydroxide powder etshintshwa ngendlela eyomileyo yayiza kutshona emanzini, ngoko ke isiphumo sokuguqulwa asinakuvavanywa nge-activation index, kwaye indlela yokuvavanya echanekileyo yayiyi-infrared spectroscopy.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-24-2020