Selelekela sa aluminium oxide ea lik'hemik'hale

Tlhaloso e khutšoanyane ea mefuta e fapaneng ea alumina

Mefuta e fapaneng ea aluminium oxide e tsejoang hape e le alumina e khethehileng, aluminium oxide e seng ea tšepe kapa aluminium oxide ea lik'hemik'hale, aluminium oxide le aluminium hydroxide lihlahisoa tse arohaneng kapa lihlahisoa tsa katoloso. Ho ea ka sebopeho sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale, sebopeho sa kristale, boholo ba likaroloana, bohloeki, boima, tekanyo ea ho sintering, jj., li ka aroloa ka mefuta e fetang 300. Mofuta oa mefuta e mengata ea alumina o fapane haholo, e meng e ka ba thata joaloka safire, e meng e ka ba bonolo joaloka phofo ea talcum; Tse ling li na le boima bo bonahalang ba ho feta 3,200kg /m, ha tse ling li na le boima bo ka tlase ho 3.2kg /m. Lintho tse ling tse sa qhibiliheng, empa tse ling li ka qhibiliha ka har'a asiti le motheo, ka ts'ebetso e kholo; Metsi a mang a ka tšoana le lehlabathe le sieve, empa a mang a na le viscous kapa esita le thixotropic colloid 'me a ke ke a sefshoa; Sebopeho se seng sa kristale le bophara ba kristale ba mefuta e mengata, tse ling ha li na sebopeho; Tse ling li na le bokhoni bo phahameng ba ho monya, tse ling ha li na bokhoni ba ho monya; Tse ling ke li-catalyst tse sebetsang 'me tse ling ha li na matla. Leha ho le joalo, tšobotsi e tloaelehileng ea Mefuta eohle ea alumina, ka mokhoa ofe kapa ofe, ke hore qetellong e fetoloa alpha alumina haeba e futhumatsoa nako e telele mochesong o phahameng haholo. Mefuta e fapaneng ea alumina e sebelisoa haholo k'hemistri, meriana, catalyst, rabara, polasetiki, ho etsa pampiri, ho tlatsa, pigment le masimo a mang. Ka nts'etsopele ea mahlale le theknoloji le ts'ebeliso ea thepa e ncha, 'maraka oa alumina ea mefuta e mengata o ntse o pharalla le ho feta.

Ii. Tlhophiso ea mefuta e fapaneng ea alumina

(I) Mefuta e mengata ea aluminium hydroxide

1. Tlhophiso ea mefuta e mengata ea aluminium hydroxide:

(1) Hydroxide e tloaelehileng ea aluminium e tlatsang, D50 =50 m,70 m;

(2) Phofo e ntle ea alumina hydroxide, D50 ≤20 m;

(3) Phofo e nyane ea aluminium hydroxide (aluminium hydroxide ea ultrafine), D50 ≤1 m;

(4) Aluminium hydroxide e tšoeu e omileng, bosweu ba ≥93%;

(5) Aluminium hydroxide e tšoeu e phahameng (agate ea maiketsetso le ho tlatsoa ha 'mabole oa maiketsetso), bosoeu ba ≥95%;

(6) Alkali e tlase (sodium) aluminium hydroxide, Na2O+K2O≤0.10%;

(7) Hydroxide ea aluminium ea tšepe e tlase, Fe2O3≤0.005%;

(8) Bauxite e tšesaane ka ho lekana, e nang le mofuta oa kristale oa? -alooh joalo ka bauxite e le 'ngoe ea metsi a kristale a 1-2;

(9) Jeli ea aluminium hydroxide, kristale al2O3.NH2O, karolo e ka sehloohong ke mofuta oa kristale o sa fetoheng.

2. TŠEBELISO ea mefuta e fapaneng ea aluminium hydroxide:

(1) E sebelisoa e le ntho e thibelang malakabe

Aluminium hydroxide ke setlatsetso se setle sa ho tlatsa malakabe bakeng sa polasetiki, rabara le li-polymer tse ling tsa tlhaho le masela. Lisebelisoa tsa maiketsetso tse nang le aluminium hydroxide e le setlatsetso ke: polyester, epoxy, phenolic, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, rabara ea butyraldehyde, neoprene, rabara ea silicone le seaparo se tsoetseng pele sa ho thibela mollo, k'hapete ea mollo, canvas ea mollo, lebanta la ho tsamaisa mollo le tse ling. Hobane aluminium hydroxide ke phofo e tšoeu, thepa ea eona ea 'mele le thepa ea lik'hemik'hale li tsitsitse maemong a tloaelehileng, ha ho na ho monngoa ha mongobo, ha ho na phetoho ea' mala, ha ho na chefo ha ho na monko, boholo ba likaroloana bo ka sebetsoa kamoo ho hlokahalang tlhahiso. Ha mocheso o futhumatsang o feta 200℃, aluminium hydroxide e qala ho monya mocheso le ho bola, e lokolla metsi a mararo a kristale. Ha mocheso o le holimo, lebelo la ho bola le tla ba lebelo, kahoo ho thibela ho phahama ha mocheso oa polymer le ho bapala karolo ea ho pholisa, ho lieha ha mollo le ho thibela mollo.

(2) E sebelisoa e le thepa ea ho tlatsa lejoe la agate la maiketsetso le 'mabole oa maiketsetso

Ka aluminium hydroxide le resin ea polyester e sa tlalang kapa resin ea methacrylate e ka hlahisa thepa ea maiketsetso ea 'mabole le agate le lisebelisoa tsa bohloeki. Hobane aluminium hydroxide e na le index ea refractive (1.57) e haufi haholo le ea resin ea polyester, lihlahisoa tsa maiketsetso li fuoa khanya e bonaletsang le e khotsofatsang, 'me mebala e fapaneng e ka eketsoa ho rala lipaterone le litlhaloso tse fapaneng. Sehlahisoa se boetse se na le litšobotsi tsa boleng bo holimo, boima bo bobebe, ha se na mahlaseli, ha se na ho tetebela, ha se sehe habonolo, jj., 'me se se se sebelisoa haholo hajoale.

(3) E sebelisoa e le setlatsetso sa ho etsa pampiri

Aluminium hydroxide e sebelisoa haholo e le sekoahelo sa bokaholimo, se tlatsang le pampiri e sa cheng tlhahisong ea pampiri. Hydroxide e tšoeu e phahameng ea aluminium e khetholloa ka bosoeu bo phahameng, boholo bo bonyenyane ba likaroloana, kabo e ts'oanang, le sebopeho sa kristale e otlolohileng, jj. E ka nka sebaka sa phofo e tšoeu ea titanium ka lebaka la ho se fokotse bosoeu ba pampiri le ho se bonahale hantle, ho boloka litšenyehelo tsa pampiri, ho ntlafatsa khanya ea pampiri, le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea khatiso.

(4) E sebelisoa e le ho tlatsa sesepa sa meno

Aluminium hydroxide e na le litšobotsi tse bobebe tsa khohlano 'me ke ea thepa e sa nke lehlakore, ho tlatsa sesepa sa meno e le sesebelisoa sa khohlano ho ka tlosa litšila menong le mareneneng ka katleho ntle le tšenyo. Boholo ba likaroloana tsa aluminium hydroxide e sebelisoang e le thepa ea ho tlatsa sesepa sa meno ka kakaretso ke D50 ≤7 m, 'me ho eketsa alkali e lokela ho ba < 0.01%.

(5) E sebelisoa e le thepa e tala ea meriana

E 'ngoe ea likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa moriana oa mpa ke aluminium hydroxide, e ka fokotsang asiti ea mpa 'me ke thepa e ntle e tala bakeng sa ho etsa moriana oa mpa.

(6) Jwalo ka dikhemikhale tse tala

Kaha aluminium hydroxide ke motsoako oa amphoteric, e ka qhibiliha kapele ka har'a asiti e matla kapa alkali, kahoo e fetohile thepa e tala bakeng sa letsoai le lengata la aluminium. Joalo ka aluminium sulfate le alum ke sehlahisoa sa aluminium hydroxide ho arabela le sulfuric acid le letsoai la eona, polyaluminium chloride ke sehlahisoa sa aluminium hydroxide ho arabela le hydrochloric acid, aluminium fluoride ke sehlahisoa sa aluminium hydroxide ho arabela le hydrofluoric acid, jj., ka aluminium hydroxide (kapa tharollo ea sodium aluminate) e le thepa e tala, e ka hlahisa li-sieve tsa limolek'hule tse 3 a, 4 a, 5 a 13 x, 10 x, le mofuta oa Y.

(2) Alumina e sebetsang

Ho na le mefuta e robeli ea kristale ea alumina:,,,,,, le.Ka ho futhumatsa le ho ntša metsi aluminium hydroxide mochesong o fapaneng, mefuta e fapaneng ea kristale ea aluminium oxide e ka fumanoa. Leha ho le joalo, haeba e besitsoe mochesong o fetang 1200℃, mefuta e meng ea kristale ea aluminium oxide qetellong e tla fetoloa -alumina.Alpha - alumina e bitsoa alumina ea mocheso o phahameng, e tsejoang hape e le alumina e sa sebetseng, alumina e meng e supileng ea kristale e bitsoa alumina ea mocheso o tlase, e tsejoang hape e le alumina e sebetsang.

Jwalo ka hydrate ya alumina, mokgwa le tshebetso e ikgethang ya phetoho ya mokgahlelo le tsona di fapane haholo ka lebaka la phapang ya mocheso wa ho besa, nako ya ho besa le ho tlatsana ha hydrate. Ha aluminium hydroxide e omella ka potlako ho 400-600 ℃, ka lebaka la ho tloswa ha metsi, sete ya yona ya kristale e a senyeha, bokahodimo ba kristale bo a hlepha, mme masoba le mapetso a mangata a a thehwa, ka hona ho fella ka keketseho e kgolo sebakeng se itseng sa bokahodimo. Alumina e nang le sebopeho se loketseng sa masoba, bophahamo bo boholo ba masoba le sebaka se phahameng sa bokahodimo bo itseng e na le mosebetsi o phahameng. Sesebediswa sa ho kenya dikhemikhale se hlahiswang ke sona se ka sebediswa bakeng sa monko o monate, ho petsoha ha hydrocarbon kapa ho kopanya, ho fellwa ke metsi mmeleng, ho oxidation, ho fellwa ha hydrogenation, hydrogenation, ho fetola, ho fellwa ha sulfurization, ho fellwa ha chloritization, ho fellwa ha fluorination le tse ding. Alumina e sebetsang e ka boela ya phuthoa ka dibolo kapa ya hatellwa hore e be dibolo e le desiccant le hygroscopic agent bakeng sa metsi le dikgase, e sebediswang bakeng sa sehatsetsing, ho omisa karohano ya moya, ho omisa moya ka sesebediswa le ho monya dintho tse itseng kapa ditshila tse itseng ditsamaisong tsa indasteri. Ho feta moo, e na le kgomarelo e matla, ke thepa e tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ya thepa e hanyetsang letsopa la mollo.

(3) Alumina e sa sebetseng

Okiside ea aluminium e sa sebetseng e boetse e bitsoa aluminium oxide e nang le mocheso o phahameng, aluminium hydroxide kapa aluminium oxide e 'ngoe e nang le kristale e entsoeng ka 1200℃ kapa kristale ea aluminium oxide e besoang mochesong o phahameng. Jwalo ka oxide ea tšepe, alpha-alumina e na le thepa e ntle ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale. E na le momahano e kholo ea limolek'hule, kristale e kopaneng le e phethahetseng, 'me e ka mamella liphetoho tse fapaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale. Ka nako e ts'oanang, alpha-alumina e boetse e na le melemo ea ntlha e phahameng ea ho qhibiliha (2050℃), ho thatafala ho phahameng, ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho kenya mocheso, matla a phahameng a mechini, ho hanyetsa ho khohlela hantle, le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le matla a tšusumetso ea ho hanyetsa mocheso, kahoo e sebelisoa haholo likarolong tse latelang:

1. e hanyetsang

Ka lebaka la ntlha ea eona e phahameng ea ho qhibiliha, thepa e ntle ea mechini le ho hanyetsa mafome mochesong o phahameng, alpha-alumina e sebelisoa ho hlahisa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ho hanyetsa, tse kang litene tsa ho hanyetsa tsa mullite le alumina, litene tsa ho hanyetsa tsa corundum le lihlahisoa tsa corundum, hammoho le li-castable tsa ho hanyetsa tse sa fetoheng.

2.Lisepa tsa alumina tse phahameng

Ka lebaka la bongata ba bophahamo ba -alumina bo boholo, bo ka etsa 'mele o moqotetsane o sintered, le ho hanyetsa ho tsofala le matla a phahameng a mechini, kahoo e loketse tlhahiso ea porcelain e sa tsofaleng, joalo ka ho sila ka mefuta e fapaneng ea bolo ea porcelain, nozzle ea sandblast, borashe ba metsi, jj., empa hape ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa mocheso hantle, matla a tšusumetso ea mocheso, e loketse tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa ceramic. Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona ea ho thibela mocheso o phahameng, -alumina e tlase ea sodium e loketse tlhahiso ea li-spark plug le li-insulator bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa mocheso o phahameng, boto e tšesaane ea motlakase e kopantsoeng le filimi e tšesaane, likarolo tse tloaelehileng le porcelain e 'ngoe ea ho thibela maqhubu a phahameng.Alpha-alumina e sebelisoa haholo tlhahisong ea li-ceramic tsa meralo, li-ceramic tsa indasteri, li-ceramic tsa motlakase tsa elektroniki, lisebelisoa tsa bohloeki le li-ceramic tse phelang, hammoho le li-ceramic tsa ts'ebetso, joalo ka litene tsa ceramic tse entsoeng ka alpha-alumina, fatše tsa ceramic, li-roller rolling roller, lipompo tsa ceramic, li-filter tsa ceramic, jj.

3. Thepa e khopameng (thepa e hananang le ho khopama)

Ka lebaka la ho thatafala ha yona ho hoholo, alpha – alumina e ka sebediswa e le thepa ya ho sila, thepa ya ho sila le thepa e hanelang ho tsofala. Haeba e ka sebediswa e le tshepe, tshepe e seng ya ferrous, polasetiki, lehong kapa faeba ya lehong le mefuta yohle ya majwe (ho kenyeletswa le jade) thepa ya ho sila le ho bentsha, e ka etsa lebili la ho sila, sesebediswa sa ho reteleha le disebediswa tse ding tsa ho seha, e ka sebediswa lera la ho roala hodima lehong le kopaneng le disebediswa tse ding kapa lera la ho roala hodima dihlahiswa.

(4) Alumina e hloekileng haholo

aluminium oxide e hloekileng haholo e bolela dikahare tsa AL2O3 > 99.99%, granularity < 1 mu m phofo e hloekileng haholo ea alumina, e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho sintering ea alumina e bonaletsang, carrier ea fluorescent, lebone la sodium le nang le khatello e phahameng, lisebelisoa tsa 'mele le tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa maemo a holimo, lesapo la maiketsetso, substrate ea semiconductor substrate (C), thepa ea ho tlatsa theipi ea ho rekota, super filter medium, lisebelisoa tsa abrasive tsa maemo a holimo, liserami tse khethehileng, lisebelisoa tsa ho seha, crucible e hloekileng haholo, ho potoloha axis, sepheo sa ho phatloha, tube ea sebōpi, lisebelisoa tsa ho paka, lisebelisoa tsa kristale e le 'ngoe, majoe a maiketsetso, jj.; E ka ntlafatsa compactness, qetello, mokhathala o batang le o chesang, ho fracture tighty le creep resistance ea liseramik. E ka ntlafatsa khanyetso ea ho tsofala ha lihlahisoa tsa limolek'hule, e sebelisetsoang polasetiki, matlafatso ea rabara le ho tiisa, li-filler tsa ho roba tse hanyetsanang le mocheso o phahameng le li-filler tse tsoetseng pele tsa litlolo; Ka nako e ts'oanang, e boetse e sebelisoa e le catalyst le catalyst carrier indastering ea petrochemical le manyolo, theknoloji ea laser e le thepa e tala bakeng sa khalase ea laser neodymium le lisebelisoa tsa laser tsa ruby, e le lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa ho kenya mocheso indastering ea motlakase, sefofane indasteri, e le kalafo ea bokaholimo bakeng sa lifofane tsa lifofane, lirokete le li-satellite tsa maiketsetso, jj. Ka tsoelo-pele ea sechaba le nts'etsopele ea mahlale le theknoloji, tšimo ea ts'ebeliso ea bohloeki bo phahameng le alumina e ntle haholo le eona e ntse e hola, 'me tebello ea' maraka e tšepisa haholo.

(5) Corundum

Kristale ea alumina ea mofuta oa tlhaho e bitsoa corundum, eo hangata e nang le mebala e fapaneng ka lebaka la litšila tse fapaneng. E na le khanya ea khalase kapa daemane, e nang le boima ba 3.9-4.1g /cm3 le boima ba 8.8. Corundum ea tlhaho e boetse e bitsoa lejoe la bohlokoa. Tse nang le chromium oxide e nyane ka har'a kristale ke ruby, tse nang le litšila tse nyane tsa tšepe le titanium ke safire, 'me tse nang le litšila tse nyane tsa tšepe le cobalt ke emerald.

Tlhahiso ea corundum ea tlhaho tlhahong e nyane haholo, 'me boholo ba eona e sebelisoa bakeng sa mokhabiso. Corundum e sebelisoang bakeng sa thepa e tala ea indasteri e entsoe ka maiketsetso. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea corundum ea maiketsetso: corundum e kopantsoeng le corundum e sintered. Ho na le mefuta e latelang haholo-holo:

1. Corundum e kopantsoeng

Alumina e kopantsoeng haholo-holo e na le alumina e tšoeu e kopantsoeng le alumina e sootho e kopantsoeng.

Corundum e tšoeu e kopantsoeng e entsoe ka alumina ea indasteri 'me e qhibilihisoa ka sebōping sa arc mochesong o phahameng o fetang 2000℃. E na le litšobotsi tsa bosoeu bo phahameng, bohloeki bo phahameng, ho ba thata haholo, ho ikhalala ho hoholo, matla a matla a ho sila, mocheso o tlase, ho hanyetsa mafome, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, botsitso bo botle ba mocheso le tse ling. E ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho etsa lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa ho sila le ho bentša, lisebelisoa tsa ho sila tse entsoeng ka eona, ho sila tšepe e nang le khabone e ngata le tšepe e sa hloekang; E boetse e sebelisoa haholo tlhahisong ea hlobo ea ho lahla e hanyetsang le e nepahetseng ea boleng bo holimo, e sebelisetsoang ho etsa li-ceramic tse khethehileng le thepa ea sesole, ea elektroniki le ea theknoloji e 'ngoe e phahameng; Corundum e hlahisoang ka alumina e hloekileng haholo e ka boela ea sebelisoa e le mahakoe a maiketsetso.

Corundum e sootho, e tsejoang hape e le emery, e entsoe ka bauxite, anthracite le tšepe e senyehileng ka ho qhibilihisa mocheso o phahameng o fetang 2000℃ ka ontong ea motlakase. 'Mala oa eona ke o sootho.

Corundum e sootho e khetholloa ka ho thatafala ho itekanetseng, ho ba le bongata bo phahameng ba qubu, ho etsa kristale hantle, coefficient e tlase ea katoloso e otlolohileng, ho ba thata ho hoholo le ho hanyetsa mafome, jj. E sebelisoa haholo thepa ea ho phatloha ka lehlabathe, li-abrasives, li-fillers, mecha ea ho sefa, thepa ea ho seha, li-refractories, li-abrasives le li-ceramics.

2. Corundum e sintered

Corundum e sintered e thehiloeng holim'a oli ea alumina bauxite ea indasteri kapa e hloekileng haholo e le thepa e tala, e entsoeng ka bolo kapa 'mele o silang hantle, ka mocheso oa 1750-1900 ℃, 'me e na le sephiri se seholo, masoba a tlase, lijo-thollo tse matla haholo, khanyetso e ntle ea mocheso oa mocheso mochesong o phahameng le khanyetso ea khoholeho ea slag, e sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa ho etsa li-braid tse hanyetsang le tse khopisang.

3. Corundum ea tafole

Poleiti ea corundum ke mofuta oa phofo ea aluminium oxide e nang le bohloeki bo phahameng, e siloang pele, e pelletsoang le ho omisoa ebe e tšeloa ka calcium mochesong o phahameng oa 1850-1950℃. E entsoe ka poleiti e ntlafalitsoeng hantle le sebopeho sa kristale se nang le mahlaku a maholo. Ke thepa e ntle e hanyetsang e nang le bohloeki bo phahameng, botsitso bo botle ba molumo, ho fokotseha ho honyenyane kamora ho chesoa hape le ho hanyetsa ho matla ha mocheso. Poleiti ea corundum e hlahisoa haholo-holo ka ho sintering, empa hape le ka ho qhibiliha ha motlakase.

6) matsoai a aluminium

Matswai a aluminium a bolela metsoako ea aluminium. Ke matswai a 'maloa feela a aluminium a sebelisoang haholo a hlalositsoeng mona.

1. Aluminium sulfate

Aluminium sulfate e na le aluminium sulfate le polyaluminum sulfate, aluminium ammonium sulfate (ammonium alum), aluminium sulfate potassium (alum kapa potassium alum), ka kakaretso e nang le sulfuric acid le aluminium hydroxide kapa bauxite, kaolin, molora o fofang le tlhahiso ea liminerale tse ling tsa aluminium. Aluminium sulfate e sebelisoa haholo e le reagent ea indasteri, flocculant, moemeli oa kalafo ea metsi, ho etsa pampiri, jj., 'me e boetse e sebelisoa tlhahisong ea lihlahisoa tse ling tsa lik'hemik'hale tse nang le aluminium. Polyaluminum sulfate e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa kalafo ea metsi a holimo; Alum e ka sebelisoa e le moemeli oa tomoso, moemeli oa ho fokotsa le ho thibela metsi bakeng sa lijo. Alum e sebelisoa meriana ea setso ea Chaena le phofo ea ho baka. E boetse e sebelisoa ho etseng pampiri, ho penteng le e le moemeli oa ho thibela metsi.

2. Aluminium chloride

Aluminium chloride le polyaluminum chloride (aluminium sol) li sebelisoa ka har'a carbonate ea aluminium, eo ka kakaretso e lokisoang ke karabelo ea hydrochloric acid le aluminium ea tšepe, aluminium hydroxide kapa liminerale tse nang le aluminium. Aluminium chloride le polyaluminum chloride ke mofuta oa sesebelisoa sa ho hloekisa metsi se nang le theko e tlase le phello e ntle, 'me se ka boela sa sebelisoa e le boholo ba pampiri, ho hloekisa tsoekere, ho etsa molding, ho thibela matheba a masesaane, ho jara catalyst, binder, ho hloekisa meriana, ho lokisa samente kapele, thepa e tala ea botle, jj.

3. Aluminium fluoride le sodium fluoride

Aluminium fluoride le sodium fluoaluminate ke matswai a mabedi a maholo a fluoride. Aluminium fluoride e sebediswa haholoholo e le moemedi wa tokiso moyeng wa ho hlwekisa aluminium ka electrolytic. Ke phofo e tshweu e nang le kristale e kang nale. Mokgwa wa tlhahiso ya aluminium fluoride o na le mokgwa o metsi le mokgwa o omileng. Ka lebaka la litlhoko tsa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, mokhoa oa metsi o felisoa 'me mokhoa oa omileng o sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa tlhahiso. Phallo ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e omileng ea aluminium fluoride e kenyelletsa ts'ebetso ea bethe e phallang ea fluoride ea Luqi Company Jeremane, ts'ebetso ea bethe e phallang ea fluoride ea Booth Company Switzerland le ts'ebetso ea HF synthesis ALF3 ea lionto tsa mocheso tsa ka hare le tsa kantle tsa Pincnair Company Fora. Ts'ebetso ea omileng ke ho hlahisa calcium sulfate (gypsum) le khase ea HF ka karabelo ea fluorite le sulfuric acid, ebe ho hlahisoa aluminium fluoride ka karabelo ea khase ea HF le aluminium hydroxide kamora ho felloa ke metsi. Ha semela sa manyolo sa phosphate se hlahisa fluorosilicic acid, ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea metsi ea k'hamphani ea Austrian Linz, ea pele e fihlela litlhoko tsa tharollo ea fluorosilicic acid e futhumatsang pele, ebe e kenngoa ka tankeng e hlohlellelitsoeng ka aluminium hydroxide (kapa bauxite slurry) ka karabelo e itseng ea mocheso, aluminium fluoride le silica (precipitation); Hape e ka sebelisa metsi a ammonia le fluorosilicic acid reaction pele, ho thehoa ha ammonium fluoride le silica gel (precipitation), ebe e sebelisoa Tharollo ea ammonium fluoride le aluminium hydroxide tlas'a mocheso o itseng le karabelo ea khatello, ho thehoa ha aluminium fluoride.

Sodium fluoroaluminate (e tsejoang hape e le cryolite) ke fluoride e rarahaneng, hangata e le dikarolwana tse bosweu tse boputswa kapa phofo, haholo-holo e sebediswang ka electrolytic aluminium e le solvent. Tshebetso ya tlhahiso ya sodium fluoroaluminate e kenyeletsa haholo mokhoa wa soda fluoroaluminate, oo pele o arabelang ka hydrofluoric acid le aluminium hydroxide ho hlahisa fluoroaluminate, ebe o arabela ka soda ho hlahisa sodium fluoroaluminate (cryolite).

4. Letswai le leng la aluminium

Aluminium nitrate e ka sebediswa e le ntho e thusang ho kopanya dintho tse phelang, e leng ntho e bakang ho daya le ho ntsha dae indastering ya ho hatisa le ho daya, ntho e etsang hore letlalo le qete, jj., hangata e etswa ka ho kopanya aluminium kapa aluminium hydroxide le nitric acid.

Aluminium phosphate e ka sebelisoa e le sebolaya-dikokwana-hloko se ntshang monko o mobe. Hangata e lokisoa ka ho chesoa phofo e tsoakiloeng ea aluminium le phosphorus e khubelu.

Li-seeve tsa limolek'hule tsa letoto la aluminium phosphate li na le bokhoni bo phahameng ba phapanyetsano ea ion le ts'ebetso ea catalytic 'me li lokisitsoe ke karabelo ea aluminium hydroxide le phosphoric acid.

Aluminium dihydrogen tripolyphosphate e ka sebediswa e le pigment e thibelang ho bola, e adsorbent (deodorant), ethylene ho ba catalyst ya ethanol, ka kakaretso e tswa ho aluminium ya tshepe kapa karabelo ya aluminium hydroxide le phosphoric acid.

Silikate ea aluminium e ntle haholo ke phofo e tšoeu e sa fetoheng e nang le ho emisoa ho hoholo le ponahalo e tšoeu e hloekileng. E sebelisoa haholo ho penteng, letlalong, khatisong le daeeng, enkeng ea khatiso, ho etsa pampiri, polasetiking, rabara le likarolo tse ling hammoho le mebala e meng (phofo e tšoeu ea titanium). Silikate ea aluminium ea kristale e ka sebelisoa e le catalyst bakeng sa ho felloa ke metsi ha khase ea methanol ho hlahisa dimethyl ether. Silikate ea aluminium e tloaelehileng e ka sebelisoa e le thepa ea ho thibela ho ruruha. Silikate ea aluminium hangata e lokisoa ka karabelo ea khalase ea metsi ka aluminium sulfate.

Aluminium borate kristale e ka sebelisoa e le polasetiki, tšepe, thepa ea ceramic e matlafatsang, ka kakaretso e kopantsoe le aluminium oxide le boron kapa boron oxide, kamora ho kopana le ho qhibiliha ha mocheso o phahameng, e ka boela ea kenngoa boemong ba khase ea aluminium fluoride le boron oxide, aluminium borate kristale e entsoe.

(vii) mefuta e meng e mengata ea alumina le lihlahisoa tse amanang le katoloso

Mofuta o mong oa alumina o ntse o na le aluminium e nang le carbonate, faeba ea aluminium oxide, filimi ea aluminium oxide, phofo ea SB, ho phaella moo aluminium gallium alloy shot, trimethyl-aluminium le aluminium e 'ngoe ea organic le tsona ke sehlahisoa se nang le litaba tse phahameng tsa tekheniki. Faeba ea alumina e na le -Al2O3 single crystal fiber, -Al2O3 long fiber, -Al2O3 short fiber, e sebelisoang haholo-holo e le tšepe, polasetiki, rabara, thepa ea ceramic reinforcement, thepa ea ho thibela ho hanyetsa le thepa ea ho thibela ho hanyetsa bakeng sa tsela ea ho qala rokete, emulsion ea oli-metsi, motsoako oa oli-metsi le karohano ea metsi le sekhomaretsi, 'me hape e sebelisoa e le catalyst catalyst bakeng sa phetoho ea hydrocarbon. Phofo ea SB ke thepa e tala bakeng sa catalyst ea hydrogenation le li-catalyst tse ling tsa maemo a holimo. Alumina le haedrojene li thehoa ke karabelo e matla ea li-pellets tsa alloy tsa aluminium-gallium ka metsing, e leng mokhoa o motle oa tlhahiso ea haedrojene bakeng sa likoloi tse tsamaisoang ke haedrojene nakong e tlang. Aluminium ea Trimethyl e sebelisoa e le catalyst ea olefin polymerization, mafura a rokete le thepa e tala ho etsa trimethyl gallium.

Majwe a Bauxite a ka sebediswa ho hlahisa thepa e hanyetsang, di-flocculant tsa kalafo ya metsi, di-proppants tsa ho pshatla oli masimong, corundum e sootho le samente e nang le alumina e ngata, phofo ya calcium aluminate kapa samente ya calcium aluminate, jj., mme motswako wa aluminium-silicon le wona o ka hlahiswa ka mokgwa wa ho futhumatsa ka motlakase.

Seretse se sefubelu se hlahisoang ke alumina se ka sebelisoa e le sesebelisoa sa ho tlosa sebabole le ho ntlafatsa mobu bakeng sa lifeme tsa motlakase tse sebelisoang ka mashala. Kamora ho tlosoa ha sodium, se ka sebelisoa ho hlahisa samente, thepa ea lebota, ceramsite, jj. Ho tsoa seretseng se sefubelu ho ka boela ha sebelisoa ho ntša phofo ea tšepe, scandium e sa tloaelehang, bismuth le litšepe tse ling tsa bohlokoa.

Lihlahisoa tse mahareng tsa aluminium oxide, sodium aluminate e metsi le sodium aluminate e tiileng (sintered clinker), li ka sebelisoa e le accelerator ea konkreite kapa tsa sebelisoa tlhahisong ea accelerator; Gallium, vanadium le litšepe tse ling tsa bohlokoa li ka fumanoa le ho ntšoa ho tsoa joala bo mahareng bo hlahisoang ke alumina.