Aluminium sulfate (Al2(SO4)3), eo hangata e bitsoang alum, e hlahisoa e le likristale tse tšoeu tse sa cheng 'me li qhibiliha ka metsing. Hydrate ena e omileng (Al2(SO4)3.14H2O) ke 17% Al2O3 'me e boetse e rekisoa e le tharollo ea aluminium sulfate ea 47% w/w e leng 8% Al2O3. E boetse e rekisoa ka mokhoa o tiileng e le e qhibilihisitsoeng, e sitsitsoeng kapa e lerōle.
Aluminium sulfate, Al2(SO4)3, e sebediswa haholo ke indasteri. Ditshebediso tsa yona tse tlwaelehileng haholo di indastering ya pulp le pampiri le tlhoekisong ya metsi. Aluminium sulfate e sebedisitswe ke batho ho tloha ka 2000 BC, ha Baegepeta ba ne ba sebedisa alum ya diminerale e le mordant ho daeng. E se e sebedisitswe nako e telele boholong ba pampiri ho ntlafatsa ho tshwarella le ho amohela enke le kalafong ya metsi ho hlakisa metsi. Ditshebediso tse ding tsa alum di kenyeletsa kalafo ya metsi a ditshila, e le moemedi wa ho thibela metsi le ho potlakisa konkreite, e le sehlakisi sa mafura le oli le e le moemedi wa ho foufatsa mafome a mollo.
Alum (jwalo ka ha aluminium sulfate e bitswa hangata) e etswa ka mokgwa o bonolo wa mehato e mmedi ho tloha ho aluminium trihydrate le sulfuric acid ho ya ka karabelo e latelang:
2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 + 8H2O → Al2(SO4)3 .14H2O ∆fH = -156 kJ mol-1
Mohato oa pele o kenyelletsa ho kopanya metsoako ka har'a reactor, 'me oa bobeli ke ts'ebetso ea ho sila thepa ho etsa mefuta e fapaneng ea alum e tiileng e rekisoang.
Lisebelisoa tse so fetoloe
Aluminium trihydrate e hlwekiswa ho tswa ho bauxite. Madi a bauxite a kgwebo (30-75% Al2O3) a hlaha Australia, Jamaica, Fora, Guyana, Guinea, USA le Brazil. Majwe a Bauxite a qhibilihiswa ka soda e matla ya caustic ho etsa sodium aluminate. Aluminium trihydrate ebe e angwa ke ho se ntshe metsi (hangata ka carbon dioxide) kapa ka autoprecipitation (tshebetso ya Bayer). Thepa e nngwe e tala, sulfuric acid, e etswa bakeng sa tlhahiso ya superphosphate ho Farmers Fertiliser Ltd. Asiti e fihla ka tanka ya tsela mme e pompelwa ka hara ditanka tsa polokelo.
Nako ea poso: Hlakola-18-2022