Nzira dzekubvisa fluorine

1. Nzira dzekubvisa fluorine ndedzinotevera:

1) Mvura ine fluorine inopfuura nepakati pe adsorption column uye fluorine inonyungudika pamusoro pe adsorbent kuti igadzire fluoride isinganyungudike. Adsorbents i activated alumina, tricalcium phosphate kana bone charcoal. Ndiyo nzira yekare inoshandiswa mumvura yepasi pevhu ine fluoride < 10mg/L uye suspended substance < 5mg/L. Kana adsorbent fluorine removal capacity yazara, kudiwa kwekuwedzera regenerative agent regeneration.

2) coagulant inowedzerwa mumvura ine fluorine kuti igadzire fluoride isinganyungudike, iyo inobviswa nekupfapfaidza mvura. Ma coagulants aya Al2(SO4)3, basic aluminum chloride, magnesium hydroxide, nezvimwewo. Yakakodzera mvura isina kubikwa ine turbidity yakawanda uye fluorine shoma.

3) nzira yekuchinjana maion INOSHANDISA kugona kuchinjana kwemaion exchange resin kubvisa ma fluorine ions mumvura.

4) Electrodialysis INOSHANDISA nzira yekusarudza yekubvumidza ion exchange membrane kubvisa fluorine

5) nzira ye reverse osmosis INOSHANDISA nzira yekusarudza yekupinza kwe semi-permeable membrane kubvisa fluorine

Pakati penzira dziri pamusoro apa, 3), 4) uye 5) dzinoshanda mumvura ine munyu nenzvimbo dzine fluorine yakawanda. Reverse osmosis ndiyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya parizvino.

2. Pfungwa huru dzekugadzira tekinoroji yekubatanidza munyu wearuminiyamu uye kubvisa fluorine

Mvura inoyerera nekudzika kwemvura yakakodzera mvura isina kucheneswa ine fluoride iri pasi pe4mg/L. Mvura isina kucheneswa ine fluoride shoma uye kusvibiswa kwemvura inofanira kubviswa panguva imwe chete. Mushonga unofanirwa kusarudza munyu wealuminium. Kana huwandu hweCL- mumvura isina kucheneswa hwakakwira, aluminium sulfate inoshandiswa. Kana huwandu hwesulfate yemvura isina kucheneswa hwakakwira, aluminium chloride inoshandiswa; Aluminium chloride inoshandiswa kana huwandu hweion hwese hwakakwira.

Nguva yekuonda i5-6min uye pH inowanzo dzorwa pakati pe6.5 ne7.5. Tangi rekusanganisa, tangi re flocculation reaction, tangi re sedimentation uye mvura inofanira kugadzirwa nekumhanya kwakasiyana-siyana kana mvura inonaya nguva nenguva, ine fluorine removal effect yakanaka.

Kuyerera kwemaitiro: mvura yepasi pevhu - kuonda - kunaya - kusefa, kana mhando yemvura isina kucheneswa yakanaka, inogona kusiiwa kunaya kana kuti sefa, inowanzo shandiswa usati waisa pombi, kusanganisa pombi, kunaya kwemvura yakamira, kutora mvura yepamusoro kuti inwe.

3, dhizaini yekubvisa fluorine yakabatidzwa uye kusvina kwakaitwa nealumina adsorption

Kazhinji, mvura yepasi ine fluoride yakawanda ine alkalinity yakakwira uye PH > 8.0, nepo PH ine simba guru pakugona kunyungudutsa kwealumina yakavhurwa. Kugona kunyungudutsa kwealumina yakavhurwa i4-5g(F-)/kg(Al2O3) kana PH yemvura inopinda iri 6.0-6.5. PaPH ye6.5-7.0, kugona kunyungudutsa kwaive 3-4g(F-)/kg(Al2O3). Pasina kugadziriswa kwePH, kugona kunyungudutsa kwaive 1g(F-)/kg(Al2O3).

Alumina yakabatidzwa ndiyo firita, saizi yechinhu ichi inofanira kunge iri pasi pe2.5mm, kazhinji 0.5-1.5mm, kusaenzana kwechinhu ichi chefirita K80≤2 kana huwandu hwefluoride mumvura isina kubikwa huri pasi pe4mg/L, ukobvu hwechinhu ichi chefirita hunofanira kunge huri kupfuura 1.5mm; Kana huwandu hwefluoride mumvura isina kubikwa huri kupfuura 4mg/L, ukobvu hwechinhu ichi chefirita hunofanira kunge huri kupfuura 1.8mm. Kana PH yekupinda kwemvura iri > 7.0, mwero wekusefa unowanzova 2-3m/h, uye kana PH yekupinda kwemvura iri pasi pe7.0, mwero wekusefa unowanzova 6-8m/h, uye nguva yekubata inoenderana inofanira kunge iri 20-30min. Aluminum sulfate inoshandiswa senzira yekudzoreredza, chiyero chemuyero wekubvisa fluorine i60:1, uye huwandu hwemumushonga wekudzoreredza i2%-3%. Munguva yekudzoreredza, mvura isina kucheneswa yaitanga yasukwa kubva pasi kuenda kumusoro nesimba rekusuka re11-12l (s.m2), nguva yekusuka ye5-8min uye kukwirira kwekuwedzera kweinenge 50%. Zvadaro, 2% aluminium sulfate solution yakashandiswa padzoreredza, iyo yakapfuudzwa kubva kumusoro kuenda pasi nechiyero chekusefa cheinenge 0.6m/h uye yakatora 6-8min. Mushure mekudzoreredza, sukurudza nemvura yekubvisa fluorination. Simba rekusuka raive rakafanana nerekutanga rekusuka uye rakatora 8-10min.