Ikoreshwa: mu gukora hydroxide ya aluminiyumu. Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu yavunitse umwuka ku bushyuhe bwa 120 kugeza 250°C, imvange ya profilebuy irakomera kandi ikagira ubushyuhe kugira ngo haboneke amazi afite ingano ya 50 kugeza 300 g/l na oxyde ya sodiyumu mu gice cy'amazi cya 0.05 - 5 g/l. Amazi ashyirwa mu gisubizo cya aluminiyumu cya supersaturated, agashyirwamo amazi yavuyemo mu gihe cyo kuyavanga, agatandukanya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu yatandukanijwe n'inzoga y'umubyeyi hanyuma akagezwa. 1 Cp f-crystals, 1 Il., imbonerahamwe ya 1.

Ubuvumbuzi bujyanye no gukora hydroxide ya aluminiyumu, cyane cyane no gukora hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu iva mu bisubizo by'amazi bya sodium aluminate.

Uburyo bwo kubona hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu [1] aho igikorwa gikorwa mu byiciro bibiri. Mu cyiciro cya mbere, umuti wa aluminiyumu uvanwaho aside hydrochloric, kandi hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ivamo ikoreshwa nk'ivunjwa ry'imbuto z'umuti wa aluminiyumu wa supersaturated mu cyiciro cya kabiri. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ifite imiterere ya hydrargillite, ikoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye, urugero kuri prigotovit ni ingaruka zo kugabanya umuti wa alkali aluminate. Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ivamo irangwa no gukwirakwira cyane no kuba utunyangingo tudafite ishusho, bigaragaza ko imbuto zayo nyinshi zikora mu ivunjwa ry'umuti wa aluminiyumu.

Ariko, ubu buryo bwo gutegura imbuto bushoboka gusa iyo hakoreshejwe imiti ya aluminate yateguwe neza, idakubiyemo imyanda. Bitabaye ibyo, hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ivamo ikura imyanda mu muti kandi imikorere y'imbuto iragabanuka. Byongeye kandi, iyo ubu buryo bukoreshejwe kubera umuvuduko muke wo gutembera no kuyungurura, hydroxide ya aluminiyumu y'imbuto itangwa ku cyiciro cya kabiri mu buryo bwo gusunika. Muri iki gihe, byose byakozwe mu cyiciro cya mbere cy'umunyu bigwa ku cyiciro cya kabiri, bikangiza umusaruro w'ibanze kandi bigakwirakwira mu rwego rw'imiti ikorwa.

Uburyo bwo kubona hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu mu gihe imbuto zikoresha hydroxide ya aluminiyumu, ikaranze ku buso runaka, burenga metero 1 cyangwa ingana na yo.²/g, mu gihe imbuto zishyirwa mu gikoresho cya aluminate ku buryo ubuso bwose bwa satco buhinduka imiti yabyo bityo, imikorere y'imbuto ikaba mike, ibyo bikaba bisaba gukoresha imbuto nyinshi n'ibiciro by'ingufu nyinshi mu kuyitegura.

Ishingiro ry'ubu buvumbuzi ni ugutegura uburyo bwo gutegura hydroxide ya aluminiyumu y'imbuto, ituma imbuto zayo zigira umusaruro mwinshi kandi zikagira ubuziranenge bukabije bw'ibinyabutabire, ibyo bigatuma ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho n'ingufu rigabanuka.

Muri urwo rwego, uburyo bwo gukora hydroxide ya aluminiyumu, bugizwe no gusya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu y'imbuto, kuvanga imbuto zaciwe n'umuti wa supersaturated hanyuma gukuramo umwuka uvuyemo uvanze, hydroxide ya aluminiyumu y'imbuto yaciwe kuri dogere 120-250.^kubyerekeyeC. ububiko bw'amazi buvanze n'amazi akoreshwa mu gukurura arimo 50-300 kg/m2³ifu ya aluminium hydroxide, ikoreshwa nk'imbuto.

Ingano ikwiye ya okiside ya sodiyumu mu gice cy'amazi cyo guhagarara kugira ngo igumane hagati ya 0.05 na 5 g/L.

Gusya umwuka wa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu kuri dogere 120-250^kubyerekeyeItanga umusaruro mwinshi w’imbuto za aluminiyumu zikozwe mu buryo bwa shimi. Kora ubushakashatsi ku mubare w’imiturire, uduce duto n’uduce duto, dufite imiterere idahinduka.

Imiterere y'ubuso bwagenwe ni yo igaragaza imikorere y'imbuto nyinshi iyo ikoresha aluminium hydroxide nk'imbuto.

Ingaruka ntarengwa igerwaho iyo ubushyuhe bw'umwuka mu cyumba cyo gusya bugeze kuri 120-250^kubyerekeyeC.

Iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse munsi ya dogere 120^kubyerekeyeIyo ubuso bw'umusemburo wa aluminiyumu bushongeshejwe bukora neza, imikorere yabyo ni kimwe n'ubundi buryo bwo gusya.

Ubushyuhe buriyongera hejuru ya dogere 250^kubyerekeyeMu by’ukuri ntiyongera imikorere y’ubutabire ku buso, ariko ikiguzi cy’ingufu z’ubushyuhe mu gutegura imbuto kiriyongera.

Iyo ibikubiye mu gipimo cy’amazi byabonetse nyuma yo kuvanga paraphilias, 50-300 g/l y’imbuto ishyirwa mu gipimo ntarengwa.

Kugabanuka kw'ingano y'ikintu gikomeye mu gikoresho kiri munsi ya 50 g/l nta ngaruka ku bikorwa byacyo, ariko muri icyo gikorwa hashyirwaho amazi menshi, bigasaba ikiguzi cy'inyongera mu gushonga kwayo.

Kongera ubwinshi bw'ibintu bikomeye biri mu mazi birenga 300 g/l by'imikorere ye irimo kugabanuka. Ibi biterwa no kugabanuka kwa x ni ubwoko bwa aside.

Ingano ya okiside ya sodiyumu mu gice cy'amazi cyo gufunga amazi kiri hagati ya 0.05-5 g/l itanga umusaruro ntarengwa w'imbuto.

Uruhare ruto rw'ibipimo rugengwa n'ingano ya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu yakuwemo alkali mu cyuma, ikagera aho isya.

Iyo ingano ya okiside ya sodiyumu irenze 5 g/l, imikorere y'imbuto igabanuka bitewe no gushonga kw'imiterere y'ubuso bw'imbuto.

Uburyo bwatanzwe bwo gukora hydroxide ya aluminiyumu bukorwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byakorewe kandi bikoreshwa mu nganda zo mu rugo: icyuma cy'uruganda cya jet minery type ES-06; SP-1, nibindi.

Mu ruganda rw’indege, gusya bibaho hatabayeho gukoresha icyuma gisya hakoreshejwe ihame ry’ibikoresho bishobora gucukurwamo umwotsi mu gihe hagongana uduce duto. Gukoresha icyuma gisya ni ngombwa kugira ngo harebwe ibipimo byateganyijwe by’igikorwa no kubona umusaruro ukenewe mu bya tekiniki.

Muri boron irimo abantu bakonjesha. Gukonjesha amazi yakozwe. Iyo uyu mwuka wivanze ugahinduka aluminium hydroxide mu mazi, nyuma yo gukonjesha agakoreshwa muri Kea.

Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu iva muri hopper 1 ikoresheje vis 2 ishyirwa mu cyuma gitunganya umuyoboro w’amazi cyihuta 3. Hydroxide yihuta yihuta yihuta umuvuduko w’umwuka. Uduce duhura duhura duhura, tugasenya hanyuma tugakurwamo umwuka mu cyuma gitandukanya 4. Uduce duto dusubizwa mu cyuma kuri Dorisol, hanyuma tugasenya ku bunini bw’uduce twifuzwa tukabikwa mu buryo bwo gukusanya ivumbi 5. Paraphilias stream irakonjeshwa, irahuzwa, amazi asubijwe mu cyuma gikonjesha 6, ivangwa n’umuti wa aluminate wa supersaturated 8 hanyuma ukinjira muri reactor 9, ikomeza kuvangwa. Nyuma yo kuvoma hydroxide ya aluminiyumu itandukanyijwe n’inzoga y’umubyeyi mu cyuma 10, ikagezwa hanyuma ikoherezwa ku muguzi.

Kugereranya amakuru yavuye mu bushakashatsi bwinshi bigaragaza ko gusya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu mu ruganda rw'indege bitera umwuka ushyushye kuri dogere 120-250^kubyerekeyeNyuma yo gukoresha amazi avanze n'ifu irimo 50-300 g/l ikomeye nk'imbuto, byongera imikorere myiza n'ubwiza bw'umusaruro urangiye bitewe n'umusaruro w'imbuto zikozwe mu buryo bwa shimi, umusaruro mwinshi w'imbuto.

Industrial Prime p 1 kg ya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ifite ingano ya kristale ya 40 μm ivanze n'umwuka mu ruganda rwa laboratwari. Ubushyuhe bw'umwuka ku muryango w'uruganda rwa jet bwari dogere 160^kubyerekeyeUkoresheje igitutu cya 7 MPa. Ubushyuhe mu cyumba cyo gusya 140^kubyerekeyeC. Ingano mpuzandengo ya kristu nyuma yo gusya ni 2.0 μm.

Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ikozwe mu buryo bw'uruvange rwa paraphilias, ifatwa mu bwoko bwa firime irimo boron. Gushonga kw'umwuka uva mu mazi akonje arimo boron. Nyuma yo guhumeka, abantu bakira litiro 10 z'umushongi urimo 100 g/l ya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ifu na 0.4 g/l ya oxide ya sodium mu gice cy'amazi.

0,04 l amazi avanze na litiro 1 y'umuti wa aluminate irimo, g/l: Na₂O_ku130,9; Al₂O₃137,2; Na₂CO₃20,3; NaCl 12,2; Na₂SO₄5,4; karuboni y'umwimerere (Corg.) 12,4. Ingufu zivuyemo zishyirwa mu cyuma gitera umuyaga kandi zigakomeza kuvanga kuri dogere 55^kubyerekeyeC mu gihe cy'amasaha 24

Igipimo cyo kubora k'umuti wa aluminiyumu cyari 50.2% by'umusaruro wa aluminiyumu hydroxide 109,4, Ingano mpuzandengo ya kristu mu gishanga cya 3.6 μm, ingano y'imyanda muri aluminiyumu hydroxide, Na₂O 0,42; Fe₂O₃0.021; SiO₂0,018.

Ibisubizo by'igerageza muri gahunda zatanzwe, nziza kandi irenze C, ubushobozi bwo kubora bugerwaho ku bushyuhe buri mu cyumba cyo gusya 120-250^kubyerekeyeHamwe n'ingano ya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu yasheshwe mu mazi ari hagati ya 50-300 g/l n'ingano ya oxide ya sodiyumu mu gice cy'amazi cyo mu mazi ari hagati ya 0.05-5 g/L.

1. UBURYO BWO GUKORA ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE, bugizwe no gusya hydroxide y'imbuto, kuvanga hydroxide y'imbuto yaciwe iva mu gisubizo cya aluminiyumu cya supersaturated, gusaza imvange ivuyemo no kuyivanga, Ishami ryarekuye hydroxide y'aluminium iva mu nzoga nini hanyuma rikayimesa, igaragazwa n'uko gusya hydroxide y'aluminium bikorwa n'umwuka kuri dogere 120 250^oIyo ubonye imiterere, gura icyuma gifunganye kandi gikonje kugira ngo ubone icyuma gifunganye gifite ingano ya 50 kugeza kuri 300 g/l hanyuma gishyirwe mu gikoresho cyuzuyemo amazi menshi.

2. Uburyo nk'uko bigaragara ku ipaji ya 1, bugaragazwa n'uko ingano ya okiside ya sodiyumu mu gice cy'amazi cyo guhagarara kw'amazi igumana hagati ya 0.05 na 5.0 g/L.