Ikoreshwa: mu gukora hydroxide ya aluminiyumu. Ishingiro: hydroxide ya aluminiyumu y'imbuto irashwanyaguzwa, uyivange n'umuti wa aluminiyumu. Umuti uvamo ushyirwa mu gikoni uvanze n'umuti wa dioxyde de carbone. Gutandukanya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu n'inzoga y'umubyeyi. Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu irasukurwa.
Ubuvumbuzi bujyanye no gukora hydroxide ya aluminiyumu.
Uburyo bwo kubona hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu [1] aho igikorwa gikorwa mu byiciro bibiri. Mu cyiciro cya mbere, umuti wa aluminiyumu uvanwamo aside hydrochloric, hanyuma hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ivamo ikoreshwa nk'ivumbikwa ry'imbuto z'umuti wa aluminiyumu wa supersaturated mu cyiciro cya kabiri.
Ingorane z'ubu buryo ni ikiguzi kinini giterwa no kudashyira aside mu kanwa, imyanda yirundanyije mu bisubizo, n'ibindi.
Uburyo bwegereye ubu buvumbuzi ni uburyo [2] aho kugira ngo hakorwe hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu nk'imbuto hakoreshwa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ifu.
Ingorane z'ubu buryo ni igisubizo cya wintopo kinini.
Intego y'ubu buvumbuzi ni ukugabanya ikiguzi cy'ingufu hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kongera umusaruro wa hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu.
Gutunganya imiti ya aluminate hakoreshejwe dioxyde de carbone, inzira yo guhindura karubone ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda za alumina zikora mu buryo bwo gutwika. Gukoresha karubone bishobora gutanga hydroxide nyinshi.
Ingano y'ingano ya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu iboneka mu gikorwa cyo gukaraba karuboni iterwa ahanini n'ubushyuhe bwa karuboni n'imiterere y'ibisubizo bya aluminiyumu (ubwinshi bwa alkali na alumina).
Uburyo buzwi (ibyuma byoroheje. 1937, No. 10, S. 8-15) gukora hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa karuboni, harimo no gutunganya solutions za carbon dioxide ultracracker aluminate (igipimo cya 200 g/l) ku bushyuhe buri hasi (30kubyerekeyeC).
Nubwo ubu buryo butanga umusaruro mwinshi wa hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu, ikoreshwa ryabwo ntirishoboka bitewe n'ingorane za tekiniki zivuka mu ntambwe za nyuma z'igikorwa: Ishami rishinzwe imvura no gukaraba.
Ariko, iyo ukoresheje uburyo bwa nizkokontsentrirovannye bwo gukarisha umwuka birananirana.
Ingano y'ingano ya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu iboneka muri ubu buryo, irangwa n'imiterere idahuje n'ibice byinshi by'udukoko.
Ubuvumbuzi bugizwe n'uko mu buryo bwo gukora hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu, igizwe no gusya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu y'imbuto, kuyivanga n'umuti wa aluminiyumu, gusaza icyuma gisohoka ukoresheje gukangura, gutandukanya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu n'inzoga y'umubyeyi no kuyimesa, mbere yo gutandukanya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu n'inzoga y'umubyeyi, icyuma gishyirwamo dioxyde de carbone.
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko iyo utunganya ibisubizo bya aluminate ya karuboni igizwe n’ibintu bikomeye byinshi, ingano y’uduce tuba hafi kimwe.
Mu gukora imbuto zaciwe mu gikoresho cya aluminiyumu cya supersaturated, no gusaza, icyuma gisohoka gikozwemo ukoresheje gukangura gitanga ingano nini ya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu itatanye cyane. Ariko, umusaruro wa hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu idatunganyijwe cyane ni muto kandi biterwa n'ubwinshi bwa alkali ya caustic mu gikoresho: uko ubwinshi bwa alkali burushaho kuba bwinshi, niko umusaruro uba muke.
Mu gutunganya dioxyde de carbone, imiterere y’ibanze itangwa n’umusaruro wa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ni kimwe no mu gutunganya imiterere nyuma yo gushyirwa mu mwanya wa mbere, icyakora, byongera cyane ingano y’uduce twa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu.
Ubwo buryo bushobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bisanzwe.
Uburyo nibyiza cyane ko ibimera bya alumina bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rya spechitelnoj.
Kugereranya amakuru yavuye mu bushakashatsi bwinshi bigaragaza ko gutunganya urusenda rwa hydrate rwabonetse nyuma yo gushyiramo uruvange rw'umuti wa aluminate n'imbuto zaciwe, dioxyde de carbone bituma habaho hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu kandi bigatuma umusaruro uba mwinshi.
PRI me R 1. 0.02 kg ya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ifite ingano mpuzandengo ya 2.8 μm yavanzwe na litiro 1 y'umuti wa aluminiyumu irimo, g/l: Na2CMOS 100,8; Al2O3107,4.
Ihagarikwa ryavuyemo ryemejwe kuri 60kubyerekeyeHashize amasaha arenga 10, hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu yari 40,4, ingano mpuzandengo y'uduce tw'amazi mu mvange ya 3.6 μm. Ibigize igice cy'amazi cyo gufunga, uruvange rwa Noi, rurimo hafi 12. CO2Igihe cyo gutunganya ni amasaha 6 kugeza ku gipimo cy'ibisigazwa bya okiside ya sodiyumu mu muti nyuma yo kuvurwa ni 5.6 g/L.
Ingano mpuzandengo y'utunyangingo mu musenyi nyuma yo kuvurwa ni 4.8 μm. Umusaruro wa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu 102,5.
PRI mme R 2. 0.02 kg ya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ifite ingano mpuzandengo ya 2.8 μm yavanzwe na litiro 1 y'umuti wa aluminiyumu hanyuma ako kanya (nta gukururwa) ivurwa na dioxyde de carbone. Igihe cyo kuvurwa n'ubwinshi bwa CO22mu mvange ya gaze isa n'urugero rwa 1.
Umusaruro wa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu wari 103,1, ingano mpuzandengo y'uduce tw'amazi mu mvange ya 30.4 μm.
Bityo rero, gushyira mu bikorwa urukurikirane rw'ibikorwa byavuzwe haruguru: uruvange rw'umuti wa aluminiyumu n'imbuto zasheshwe, isunika rivamo, ururenda rwa karubone mbere yo gutandukanya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu bishobora gutanga hydroxide nziza ya aluminiyumu.
UBURYO BWO GUKORA ALUMINIMU HYDROXIDE NZIZA, bugizwe no gusya imbuto ya aluminium hydroxide, kuyivanga n'umuti wa aluminiyumu, gusaza imvange ivuyemo ukoresheje gukangura, gutandukanya aluminium hydroxide n'inzoga y'umubyeyi no kuyimesa,
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-09-2020