"Alumina y'ibinyabutabire" yerekeza ku gukora ingot ya aluminiyumu uretse aluminiyumu, okiside ya aluminiyumu na hydroxide ya aluminiyumu itandukanye cyangwa ibicuruzwa byagutse. Hari ubwoko amagana bwa alumina y'ibinyabutabire, kandi ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoreshwa mu nzego zitandukanye. Iyi nkuru izagaragaza uburyo ikoreshwa na hydroxide ya aluminiyumu.
Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu, izwi kandi nka alumina ya hydrated, alumina ya hydrous, alumina hydrate, ni ikintu gisanzwe cya amphoteric, gishonga mu aside na base, ntigishonga mu mazi na alcool. Formula rusange ni Al2O3 • H2O ifite aho ishongera 300 (amazi atakaza). Dukurikije ingano y'amazi yayo, uruhererekane rwa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu rushobora kugabanywamo: alumina trihydrate, alumina monohydrate, alumina crystallinity nke na hydroxide ya aluminiyumu idahinduka. Ikuwe muri bauxite, ishobora kandi gukorwa mu munyu wa aluminiyumu na hydroxide ya sodium hamwe n'amazi ya ammonia. Hari ubwoko bubiri bwa crystalline na amorphous (gel).
1. Gukoresha hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ikoze mu cyuma gishyushya
Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu idafite alkali nyinshi, icyuma gito, uduce duto, n'umweru mwinshi. Uburyo bw'ubuziranenge bufite ibyiza byo gukomera cyane, kudashyuha cyane, kudashira, kudahinduka neza mu binyabutabire, kudahumanya, kudahinduka, kudashira amazi no gufata ubushyuhe iyo uburyo bw'ubuziranenge bushyushye kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi zirenga 250, kandi bufite uburyo bwiza bwo gukuraho umwotsi no kudashira umuriro. Ahantu hakoreshwa cyane ni aha hakurikira.
A ikoreshwa mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya pulasitiki
Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ni ubwoko bw'umunyu wa aluminium utunganyijwe, umwanda wayo ni muto, kandi uruhererekane rwa polymeri zikoresha aluminium hydroxide nk'umunyu wa aluminium ni polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene butadiene rubber, nibindi. Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu nk'umunyu wa aluminium ugabanya umuriro kandi ugabanya umwotsi umaze imyaka myinshi ukoreshwa muri résin idafite amazi.
Uburyo bwo kugabanya umuriro bwo kongeramo ATH kuri polymer, bikagabanya ubwinshi bw'ibikomoka kuri lisansi; aluminium hydroxide yatangiye kuri 250 DEG C kubura amazi mu mubiri, gukumira kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bwa polymer; gusenyuka k'umwuka w'amazi uvangwa n'ubwinshi bw'umwuka wa ogisijeni, gushya buhoro; mu gukora ubuso bwa alumina bushobora kubuza umuriro gukomeza.
Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu B ikoreshwa mu nganda zikora impapuro
Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda zisiga amarangi ku bipfundikizo byo hejuru, ku byuzuza, no ku mpapuro zidashya. Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ishobora kunoza ubwiza, urumuri, ubushobozi bwo gucapa, uburyo bworoshye bwo gucapa. Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ishobora kandi gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho fatizo byo gusiga impapuro, kandi titania izasimbura ibumba. Ingano y'uduce twa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa cyane ni 0.7-1.4 mu m.
Impapuro zigabanya inkongi: zigabanya inkongi z'umuriro, zigabanya ubushyuhe bw'umuriro, ariko ntizishya. Zikozwe mu mpapuro za asbestos, cyangwa zigabanya inkongi z'umuriro hamwe n'impapuro zikwiye (nk'imashini ya aluminiyumu) kandi zivurwa.
Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu C ikoreshwa mu gukora umuti wo gukurura amenyo
Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ntabwo ari uburozi kandi ntigira uburyohe, ntishongera mu mazi, ni ubwoko bwiza bw'umuti ugabanya ubukana bw'amenyo, umuti ugabanya ubukana bw'amenyo ukorwa mu nganda wa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu Mohs ni 2.5-3.5, ubuziranenge burenze 99%, agaciro ka pH ni 8.0-9.5, agaciro ka D50 ni 8-15 micron, igiciro ni gito, ni umuti mwiza ugabanya ubukana bw'amenyo, fluoride kandi ihuye neza, imikorere myiza cyane. Ni imwe mu miti igabanya ubukana bw'amenyo.
Ibikoresho fatizo bya D mullite
Mullite (cyangwa mullite) ni uruhererekane rw'amabuye y'agaciro agizwe na aluminosilicate. Mullite ni yo mvange yonyine ihamye y'ibintu bibiri muri sisitemu ya Al2O3 SiO2. Ubwo bwoko bw'amabuye y'agaciro ni buke cyane. Ni ubwoko bw'amabuye y'agaciro yoroshye gushyushya, kandi mullite ishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe gushyushya aluminiyumu silicate mu buryo bw'ubukorano. Mullite ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda zikora refractories, ceramics, metallurgy, casting, electronics n'izindi nganda. Ifite imiterere yo kudashyuha cyane, imbaraga nyinshi no gutwara ubushyuhe buke.
Byongeye kandi, aluminium hydroxide ishobora gukoreshwa nk'amabuye y'agaciro, agate y'ubukorano, kuzuza tapi; gukora aluminium sulfate, alum, alumina, alumina y'amazi, ibikoresho bya shimi bya sodium aluminate; ikintu kidakoresha umuriro; gikoreshwa nk'icyuzuza n'inyongera ku biti bifunga; sieve ya molekile y'ubukorano; ku birwanya aside mu nda n'ibindi.
2. Imikoreshereze ya hydroxide ya aluminiyumu idahinduka
Ubwoko bwa gel aluminium hydroxide ni Aluminium Hydroxide Gel, boehmite, alumina idafite ibara ry’umukara. Ifite kole nziza, ibumba, irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, ifite ubushobozi bunini bwo gushyuha, ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara ubushyuhe, irwanya ingese kandi irwanya ogisijeni, ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi ifite ubuso bworoshye.
Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize gel ya aluminiyumu mu gifu ni ukuvura aside yo mu gifu n'igifu, ubuvuzi gakondo, imiti ivanze nka vitamine U na capsule za aluminiyumu, Ibinini bya Aluminium Hydroxide n'ibindi bice by'ingenzi, nabyo bishobora gukoreshwa mu buvuzi. Uburyo aside yayo irwanya igifu ikoreshwa ni Al (OH)3+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2O. Alumina esheshatu z'amazi zakozwe muri hydroxide ya aluminiyumu zishobora gukoreshwa nk'umuti utera ubwiza mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi n'ubwiza.
Gutunganya ubuso no gufata kole. Gukoresha gel ya Aluminium Hydroxide bishobora gukorwa muri fibre idafite umwimerere cyangwa iy’umwimerere, hakoreshejwe ubushyuhe bwinshi n’irangira ryayo, ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora ibikoresho bya ceramic byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, inakoreshwa mu gukora porcelain ikoresha amashanyarazi; ariko nanone ni icyuma cyuzuza ibintu bidashingiye ku isanzure.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-26-2020