Mmiri fluoride bụ mma agha ihu abụọ. Na mba Amerịka, etinyere fluoride n'ọtụtụ iyi mmiri iji gbochie ire ere ezé. (Ekwesịrị m ikwu na fluoride na-apụta n'ọtụtụ ebe mmiri ọṅụṅụ n'ụwa niile). Agbanyeghị, fluoride nwere ike imebi ọkpụkpụ ma ọ bụrụ na e jiri ya mee ihe nke ukwuu, ọ pụkwara ịkpata ọnwụ ma ọ bụrụ na e jiri ya mee ihe nke ukwuu.
Alumina a na-akpọ "desiccant" na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa n'ibelata ọkwa fluoride na mmiri. Site n'ime nke a, alumina a na-akpọ "created alumina" na-ahapụ fluoride zuru oke na mmiri ka ndị mmadụ nweta uru ahụike ha nwere ike inweta, ebe n'otu oge ahụ, ọ na-eme ka o doo anya na oke fluoride na-emebi ahụike anaghị anọgide na mmiri ọṅụṅụ.
Na 1994, Òtù Ahụike Ụwa kwadoro ka e nwee ike ịnwe ọkwa fluoride dị na mmiri site na 0.5-1mg/L. A ga-eme ka ọkwa fluoride dị n'elu 1mg dị na mmiri, nke a pụrụ ime n'ụzọ atọ dị iche iche: site na kemịkalụ na mmiri ozuzo, site na iji teknụzụ membrane, ma ọ bụ site na mgbanwe ion na absorption.
Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-eji usoro ndị a eme ihe ọnụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe ọkwa fluoride karịrị 15ppm, a na-eji lime nke na-ada n'okpuru kemịkalụ, a ga-ejikwa ụdị mmiri ozuzo n'ihi na ha nwere ike ijikwa ọkwa fluoride dị elu. Ozugbo e jiri lime belata ọkwa ahụ, a ga-eji alumina a na-arụ ọrụ, nke dị n'okpuru ụdị adsorption, belata ọdịnaya fluoride ruo n'okpuru 1ppm ebe ọ bụ na alumina a na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike ime ka mmiri dị ọcha ruo 99%.
Kedu ka o si eme Alumina arụ ọrụrụọ ọrụ n'iwepụ fluoride na mmiri?
Alumina a na-arụ ọrụ na-amịkọrọ fluoride n'ihi na fluoride na-adọta alumina. Ọ chọrọ ime alumina fluoride nke ọ na-eme ozugbo ọ batara na alumina a na-arụ ọrụ. Alumina fluoride ga-anọgide na-arapara n'ahụ beads alumina ma ọ bụrụhaala na ọkwa pH nke mmiri ahụ dị n'okpuru 6. Ọ bụrụ na pH mmiri anọgide na-erughị 6, arụmọrụ nke alumina a na-arụ ọrụ amalite ibelata. Ọ nwekwara ike ikwe ka alumina banye na mmiri gị, ọ bụ ezie na alumina anaghị agbazekarị na mmiri.
Rịba ama: A na-eji osmosis nke na-agbanwe agbanwe ewepụ aluminom n'ime mmiri, otu a ka ụfọdụ ihe na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị. Aluminom anaghị abanye na mmiri n'ihi na mmiri na-esiri ike ịgbaze ya.
A na-atụ aro ka ị jiri aluminom sulfate gwọọ alumina a na-arụ ọrụ tupu i jiri ya iji mee ka ọ dịkwuo mma na-agba ọsọ mbugharị. Mgbe emechara ọgwụgwọ tupu oge eruo, ọ dị mkpa icheta na mmeghachi omume adsorption na alumina a na-arụ ọrụ dabere na ọnụego mbugharị. Ọ bụ ezie na etinyere ya n'ọrụ nwere ike ijikwa ọnụego mbugharị dị elu ma ka na-arụ ọrụ, ikike absorption ya na-ebelata, nke a nwekwara ike ibute ime usoro ndị ọzọ. Ugboro abụọ nke ọnụego mbugharị ahụ nyere fluoride karịa 33% site na akwa alumina a na-arụ ọrụ, si otú a na-ebelata irè alumina a na-arụ ọrụ na absorption fluoride.
Enwere ike inwe ion ndị ọzọ na-egbochi usoro nnabata mgbe a na-arụ ọrụ na alumina activated, nke a bụ n'ihi mmiri dị na US nwere ion ndị ọzọ. ion ndị a na-abụkarị sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, na sodium bicarbonate. Sodium chloride na sodium sulfate anaghị egbochi usoro nnabata, mana sodium bicarbonate nwere ike ibelata ikike nke alumina activated n'etiti 33% na 70%.
A na-emegharị alumina e tinyere n'ọrụ dịka ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị ọcha. A na-etinye sodium hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, ma ọ bụ sulfuric acid na mmiri lye site na iji alumina eme ihe, nke na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị ọhụrụ. Ozugbo e megharịrị alumina eme ihe, a na-anọgide na-eji ya ọzọ, alumina emelitere nke ọma mgbe ejiri ya mee ihe nke ọma nwere ike ịdịru ọtụtụ afọ.
Alumina a na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa iji wepụ fluoride dị na mmiri ruo 99% ma mee ka mmiri dị mma maka ndị mmadụ ịṅụ.
Oge ozi: Ọgọst-05-2019