He ʻokoʻa nā alumina kemika, e like me ke kūlana ʻoihana metala nonferrous YS/ton 619-2007 "ʻano alumina kemika a me ka inoa inoa", e like me ka hoʻohuihui kemika o ka alumina kemika ua māhele ʻia i 5 mau ʻāpana: ka moʻo alumini hydroxide, ka moʻo alumini oxide kūikawā, ka moʻo alumina lahilahi quasi, ka moʻo zeolite a me ka moʻo sima calcium aluminate.
I kēia manawa, ʻo ka polyaluminium chloride, sodium silicate, fluoride salt a me nā paʻakai alumini ʻē aʻe, sodium aluminate, gallium a me nā gallium compounds, kahi ʻāpana o nā alumina ceramics a me nā corundum refractories ua hoʻokomo pū ʻia i loko o ka māhele o ka kemika alumina.
I ka makahiki 1910, ua hana a kūʻai aku ʻo Alcoa i ka pūʻulu mua o ka alumina calcined ma ka honua, ʻo ia ka mea maka no ka hana ʻana i nā abrasives corundum keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka alumina kemika he nui nā huahana, ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohui ʻia, ka ʻike loea kiʻekiʻe, nā kahua noi ākea a hoʻonui, ke kumukūʻai paʻa, a me ke aloha i ke kaiapuni, no laila ua lilo ia i lālā koʻikoʻi loa o ka ʻoihana alumini.
Ua hoʻopukapuka nui nā ʻāina he nui o ka honua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana alumina kemika. ʻO Alcoa ka mea hana alumina kemika nui loa o ka honua, me 24 mau ʻoihana hana, e uhi ana i nā ʻāina nui a me nā ʻāpana āpau o ka honua, e hana ana ma mua o 220 mau ʻano a ʻoi aku ma mua o 1000k tons / a. A laila i ka makahiki 2007, ua hoʻoili ʻia ka papa alumina kemika i ka hui anmai Netherlands.
ʻO Iapana ka mea hana nui loa o ka honua i ka hana ʻana o ka alumina kemika, ka hoʻopau ʻana, ka hoʻopuka ʻana ma kahi o 1000 k, 2012 tons, a ua hoʻomau ka piʻi mālie ʻana, ʻo ke ʻano like ʻole ka mea nui loa o ka honua, ʻaʻole hana ʻo Iapana i ka alumina papa metallurgical, akā ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka unahi i ka hana kemika o alumina, seriation, ʻepekema kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻenehana, ka palekana o ke kaiapuni a me ka hoʻoponopono kumukūʻai, huahana koe wale nō e hoʻokō i nā koi kūloko, ua hōʻea nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku i 25%. ʻOi aku ma mua o 85% o ka hana ʻana o ka alumina kemika a Iapana i hana ʻia e ka ʻoihana kemika sumitomo, showa denko a me nā metala māmā Iapana.
Ma kahi o 1940, ua hana nui ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Iapana a me ʻEulopa i ka noiʻi alumina kemikala ma kahi pae nui, a hiki i ka makahiki 1970, ma kekahi mau ʻāina ʻoihana i hoʻomohala ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻē ua nui ka hoʻomohala ʻana.
Wahi a nā helu helu o ka hui ʻoihana alumini honua, i ka makahiki 1975, ʻo ka huina o ka alumina ma nā ʻāina komohana ma kahi o 20344k tons, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka alumina kemika he 1699k tons, e helu ana no 8.3% o ka huina o ka hana; I ka makahiki 2000, ʻo ka huina o ka alumina honua ma kahi o 51200k tons, ʻoiai ʻo ka hana alumina kemika he 4800k tons, e helu ana no 9.4% o ka huina o ka hana. I ka makahiki 2008, ʻo ka huina o ka alumina papa metallurgical he 60496k tons a ʻo ka alumina kemika he 4638k tons, e helu ana no 7.12% o ka huina o ka hana. I ka makahiki 2012, ʻo ka huina o ka alumina ma ka honua he 95,705k tons, a ʻo ka huina o ka alumina kemika he 85,80k tons, e helu ana no 9% o ka huina o ka hana. Mai 2008 a 2012, ʻo ka awelika o ka ulu makahiki o ka alumina kemika honua he 16.6%, ma kahi o 11 mau pakeneka kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o ka awelika o ka ulu makahiki o ka alumini mua.
Ua hoʻomaka ka ʻoihana alumina kemika o Kina i kahi lohi. Ma kahi o 1961, i mea e hoʻoponopono ai i ka nele o nā mea maka i ka ʻoihana uila, ua hoʻomohala mua ka hale hana alumini shandong (i ʻike ʻia ʻo shandong aluminum industry co., LTD.) i ka alumina sodium haʻahaʻa a hoʻomaka i ka noiʻi, ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o ka alumina kemika ma Kina.
I nā makahiki 1970, i mea e hoʻokō ai i nā koi no nā kemika alumina i loko o ka ʻaila, nā kemika, nā mea pale ahi, nā keramika, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ka palekana o ke kaiapuni, nā mea kaua, nā aerospace a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻomohala a hana ʻia nā kemika alumina ma Shandong Aluminum Plant, Zhengzhou Light Metal Research Institute, a ua hana ʻia nā alumina i hoʻāla ʻia, nā mea wehe fluoride alumina arsenic, nā mea hao haʻahaʻa alumini hydroxide, nā alumina maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, nā keramika me ka alpha Al2O3, a me nā ʻano huahana hou he 24 ʻē aʻe.
I nā makahiki 1980, ua komo ka hana ʻana o ka alumina kemika o Kina i kahi wā o ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana, a ua hoʻomau ka puka ʻana mai o nā huahana hou. I hōʻike ʻia e ka zhengzhou light metal research institute, shandong aluminum industry co., ltd. a me China Great Wall aluminum industry co., ltd. ua kūkulu ʻia ma kahi o 60 mau laina hana alumina kūikawā. Ma kekahi mau ʻoihana alumina nui ma nā wahi a puni, ua kūkulu lākou i kahi pūʻulu hana alumina kemika o nā ʻoihana pilikino, hoʻohana lākou i nā mea maka kūloko a i ʻole nā mea i lawe ʻia mai e hana i nā ʻano alumina kemika like ʻole.
He ʻāina hana nui ʻo Kina i ka alumina, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana hana hou aʻe ma mua o nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, he mea maʻalahi ke hoʻomaopopo i ka laina lālā o ka hana alumina kemika ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kaʻina hana ʻenehana, ʻoiai ka alumini hydroxide i hana ʻia e ke kaʻina hana sintering, nona ka keʻokeʻo kūlohelohe kiʻekiʻe.
Ma hope o nā makahiki he 50 o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ua loaʻa i ka ʻoihana alumina kemika Kina kahi mana nui ma nā mākeke kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē, ua ʻike nui ʻia nā mea hoʻopihapiha alumini hydroxide a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe ma ka mākeke honua.
Eia nō naʻe, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Kelemānia, Iapana, a me Kina, he nui ka hakahaka o ka alumina kemika, me ka nānā ʻole i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, nā ʻano like ʻole, a me ka unahi hana. ʻO ke kumu nui, he emi iki ka ʻenehana hana a me nā lako hana, ʻaʻole lawa ka noiʻi kumumanaʻo kumu no ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana, nāwaliwali ka mana hana hou, a ʻaʻole lawa ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mākeke.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Malaki-02-2020